市场经济、人口流动与移民饮食文化的在地化---基于宁夏银川的人类学考察

The Localization of Dietary Culture with Market Economy and Migration——Based on the Anthropological Study of Yinchuan,Ningxia

随着市场经济发展和人口流动增加,不同地域和民族的饮食文化也被带入到新的地方,成为城市社会多元文化共生的典型特征之一。通过对宁夏银川这一地方社会中不同外来群体饮食文化的在地化过程及特征的考察,能够看到人口流动及市场经济的全球化发展对饮食文化传播与变迁所带来的深刻影响。便捷的现代化交通运输推动全球饮食资源的共享,市场经济规模化发展下饮食消费出现某些同质性趋向,同时也改变着传统的饮食与环境关系。不同群体在融入新的社会环境时所作出的文化与心理调适,在日常生活的饮食实践中得到呈现。饮食文化在地化的发生,促进了群体之间的交往交融,在某种程度上也是地方社会共同体构建过程中的必然。

With the development of the market economy and pupulations from everywhere took root in the nwe city,the unique food culture of different places and ethnic groups also took into the city and make up the cultural diversity of immigrants city.Through the study of the localization process and characterstics of the food culture of different ethnic groups in Ningxia Yinchuan,we can see the profound impact of the market economy and its globalization on the local food culture.The modern transportation and convenient transportation promote the sharing of global dietary resources.With the large-scale development of the market economy,there is a certain homogeneity trend in dietary consumption,which also changes the traditional relationship between diet and the environment.The cultural and psychological adjustments made by ethnic groups are presented in their dailylife dietary practices.The localization of food culture is inevitable in the process of building a local social community.