卤醇脱卤酶研究进展

Research progress on halohydrin dehalogenase

卤醇脱卤酶是合成手性纯的环氧化物及β-取代醇的关键生物催化剂。通过分子内亲核取代机制催化邻卤醇脱卤生成手性的环氧化物,在亲核试剂介导的作用下催化环氧化物开环生成手性的β-取代醇,在手性医药中间体合成中具有重要应用。通过分子改造和固定化可以使卤醇脱卤酶的酶活、立体选择性和稳定性显著提高,对其工程应用具有重要意义。对近些年卤醇脱卤酶的来源、分子改造和固定化的研究进展进行综述,并对未来的研究方向进行初步探讨,以期为卤醇脱卤酶研究提供帮助。

Halohydrin dehalogenase is the key biocatalyst to produce chiral epoxides and chiral andβ-substituted alcohol.Halohydrin dehalogenase can catalyze the dehalogenation of o-halo alcohol to produce chiral epoxides following the intramolecular nucleophilic substitution mechanism.It also can catalyze the opening ring reaction of halogenated epoxy compounds to synthesis chiralβ-substituted alcohol.The products,chiral epoxides andβ-substituted alcohol are key chiral building blocks for chiral pharmaceuticals and other chiral fine chemicals.The molecular evolution and immobilization of the halohydrin dehalogenase can significantly improve the enzyme activity,stereoselectivity and stability,which is very important to halohydrin dehalogenase application.In this review,the research progress on the halohydrin dehalogenase source,molecular evolution and immobilization in recent years is highlighted.The further research direction about halohydrin dehalogenase is also pointed out.