轨道交通引领都市圈空间形态优化发展

The Rail Transit-Oriented Development for the Optimization of Metropolitan Area Space Pattern

轨道交通具有速度快、运量大、集聚效应强等特点,对于优化都市圈空间形态具有基础支撑作用。从国际发达都市圈空间形态的变迁历程也可以看出,轨道交通是推动都市圈空间有序整合的关键动力之一。鉴于当前我国轨道交通对城市空间发展的引领性不足、相关体制机制和政策法规尚不符合TOD发展理念等问题,建议确立轨道交通引领都市圈空间形态优化发展的思路,在宏观层面引领构建"多心协同"的都市圈空间结构,在中观层面建设公交和慢行导向的人本化街区,在微观层面实现轨道站点与周边区域的一体化综合开发。在实施层面,应尽快建立都市圈国土空间规划与轨道交通规划互动机制,修订适应TOD空间发展模式的标准规范,完善支持轨道交通场站综合开发的政策法规。

Due to the characteristics of rapid speed, high capacity and strong convergence effect, the rail transit plays a fundamental function on the optimization of metropolitan area space pattern. The space development of worldwide metropolitan areas has also shown that the rail transit is one of the key motivations for the orderly integration of spaces. Considering the lack of connection between the development of rail transit and city space, and the inconformity of relevant mechanisms and policies in China, a rail transit-oriented development mode for the optimization of metropolitan area space pattern is introduced. On the macro, middle and micro level, a rail transit oriented multi-center collaborative space structure, a public transport and nonmotorized traffic-oriented city block design, and an integration development of rail transit station and its surrounding areas are suggested respectively. For the operation purpose, a collaborative mechanism between the spatial planning of national land and rail transit planning in the metropolitan area should be established, the corresponding standards and norms should be modified to fit transit oriented development, and relevant policies and laws to support the integration development of rail transit station and its surrounding areas should be improved.