高速铁路车站吸引范围研究:以武汉站为例

The Catchment of High-Speed Railway Station:A Case Study of Wuhan Station

车站吸引范围是描述车站潜在客流的空间区域,它是进行客流调查、布设接驳设施、评估车站竞争力的重要依据。目前,对高速铁路车站相关研究较少,且研究方法大多依赖问卷调查。本文结合车站选择模型和地图API接口,提出了一套不依赖于乘客调查的通用方法。基于广义费用最小原则,考虑全到站模式和全出行模式,建立了包含旅客到站成本、旅途成本的车站选择模型。结合地图API获取的交通大数据,对车站吸引范围进来求解。以武汉站为例验证了方法的有效性,结果表明,高速铁路车站吸引范围受目的地、周边竞争车站、车站服务水平和旅行目的的影响。

A train station catchment delineates the spatial territory from which the potential passengers of a train station are drawn.It lays the foundation for surveying travel demand,setting access facilities,and evaluating station competitiveness.At present,little research has focused on high-speed railway stations,and most studies rely on surveys.This paper proposes a general method independent of passenger surveys by using a station choice model and a map API interface.Considering all access modes and all travel modes and related costs,the station choice model simulates passengers'travel choices based on the generalized cost minimization and obtains the station catchment with the traffic big data obtained by map API.This paper uses the Wuhan railway station as a case study to verify the effectiveness of the methods. The result shows that the catchment of high-speed railway stations is affected by destinations, nearby competing stations, the service level of stations, and travel purposes.