多层次养老保险制度下家庭商业养老保险需求与养老金替代率研究

Optimal Private Pension Needs and Pension Benefits Replacement Rate with Multi-pillar Pension Systems

商业养老保险发展滞后是多层次养老保险制度发展不均衡的突出表现之一。本文构建了一个考虑基本养老保险制度的三期世代交叠模型,考察了家庭商业养老保险需求和养老金替代率之间的关系。研究表明:基本养老保险个人缴费率及基础养老金替代率的调整与家庭商业养老保险支出比例存在一定关联性;在当前基本养老保险制度参数下,家庭商业养老保险支出比例过低;基础养老金替代率的适当调整不仅有助于提高家庭商业养老保险支出比例,促进商业养老保险发展和个人养老金制度发展,而且有助于提升整体养老金待遇水平。建议渐进性调整基础养老金替代率与其他促进商业养老保险发展综合施策,切实加快商业养老保险发展步伐,促进多层次养老保险各层次的协同及可持续发展。

Under-developed private pension is one of the outstanding performances of the uneven development in multi-pillar pension systems.This paper examines the changes in household spending decisions in private pension and pension replacement rates by constructing a three-period overlapping generation model that considers the basic pension insurance system.The study found that there is a relationship among the basic pension personal contribution rate and the basic pension replacement rate and the proportion of household private pension expenditure;the calculation shows that under the current parameters of the basic pension,the proportion of household private pension expenditure is too low;appropriate adjustment of the basic pension replacement rate will not only help increase the proportion of household private pension expenditure but also help improve the overall pension benefit level;with multiple measures taken,the basic pension replacement rate also has room for a downward adjustment.It is suggested that the gradual adjustment of the replacement rate of basic pension should be combined with other comprehensive policies to promote the development of private pension,to accelerate the development of private pension and promote the coordinated and sustainable development of the multi-pillar pension systems.