钾长石矿物的微生物法解钾过程

Process of K-feldspar dissolved by microbiology

为解决我国土壤中可溶性钾资源极其贫乏的问题,采用无污染、低成本的微生物法分解钾长石矿物。从湖北省随州市某钾长石矿区土壤中分离、筛选得到4株能够分解钾长石矿物的真菌,对其进行基因测序鉴定,并在此基础上分析培养温度、时间、转速、培养基pH值、钾长石质量浓度及其粒度、接种体积分数和硫酸铵质量浓度等因素对微生物解钾能力的影响。结果表明:4株真菌中JX-14菌株为新菌,其对钾长石矿物具有一定溶蚀分解作用;其最优解钾工艺条件为40℃培养16 d、转速170 r/min、培养基pH值7.0~8.0、钾长石质量浓度2 g/L且粒度0.03~0.04 mm、接种体积分数30%、硫酸铵质量浓度0.4 g/L;经最优工艺处理后,溶液中可溶性钾离子质量浓度可达26.12 mg/L,浸出率为9.36%。

In order to solve the problem of extremely poor soluble potassium resources in China′s soils,potassium feldspar mineral was decomposed by non-polluting,low-cost microbiological method.Four fungi with potassium-dissolving ability were screened and isolated from soils collected from a K-feldspar mining area in Suizhou,Hubei Province,China.And it was identified by 18 ITS rRNA gene sequencing.Based on it,the influences of temperature,incubation time and shaking speed,pH value of the culture medium,K-feldspar concentration and granularity,inoculation volume fraction,and the ammonium sulfate dose on the potassium releasing ability of fungus were investigated.The results showed that one of four fungi,which named JX-14 strain was a kind of new fungus,and the JX-14 strain had a certain dissolution and decomposition effect on K-feldspar.The optimum conditions for the JX-14 strain to remove potassium from K-feldspar were as the follows:cultured at 40℃for 16 d,pH of the culture medium of 7.0-8.0,170 r/min shaking speed on a rotary shaker,the K-feldspar concentration of 2 g/L and granularity of 0.03-0.04 mm,inoculation volume fraction of 30%,ammonium sulfate dose of 0.4 g/L.Under the above conditions,the highest content of soluble potassium in solution and the leaching rate reached 26.12 mg/L and 9.36%,respectively.