超高分子量聚乙烯制品的改性进展

Modification Progress of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Products

超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)是指相对分子质量在150万以上的聚乙烯类产品,具有较好的综合性能,在绳缆、纺织、运动器械、国防和医疗领域中有广泛应用。但是,由于UHMWPE的流动性较差,改善其加工性已成为该领域中研究的热点之一。目前,对UHMWPE的加工方法在最初的压制烧结成型基础上,研究得到挤出成型、注射成型、吹塑成型、冻胶纺丝及凝胶挤出法、射频加工等成型方法。由于高分子材料的制品最终会以不同形状和尺寸使用,并且生产不同制品采用的成型加工技术及改性方法也不同,重点介绍UHMWPE材料应用于纤维、隔膜与医用材料等领域中时采用的不同的改性方法及国内外的研究进展。最后,结合市场需求和行业动向,对国内的UHMWPE产业的发展现状进行分析,并对UHMWPE材料的发展进行展望。

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene( UHMWPE) is a kind of polyethylene product with a relative molecular weight of more than 1. 5 million,and has widely used in rope,textile,sports equipment,national defense and medical fields. Due to the poor fluidity of UHMWPE,how to improve its processability has become the research focus of the industry. Based on the initial pressing sintering process,extrusion,injection molding,blow molding,gel spinning,and radio frequency processing were developed. Considering that polymer products are used in different shapes and sizes,and the processing technology and modification methods use for different products are far from each other,the specific modification methods and the research progress of UHMWPE in the fields of fiber,diaphragm,and medical materials were mainly introduced. Based on market demand and industry trends,the development of UHMWPE industry in China is analyzed and the development of UHMWPE materials are prospected.