生物基阻燃剂的应用进展

Application Progress of Bio-Based Flame Retardants

为解决材料的易燃问题,拓宽高分子材料的应用范围,在高分子材料中添加阻燃剂已成为解决该问题的有效方法之一。传统卤系阻燃剂在应用过程中表现出低量高效的优点得到广泛的认可,但随着研究的不断深入,专家们发现,卤系阻燃剂在高温下会产生卤化氢、二噁英等有毒物质,对人体造成二次伤害,因此,被人类逐渐放弃。近年来,无卤阻燃剂成为科研工作者研究的主要方向,生物基材料凭借可再生、易降解和低毒性等特点受到研究者的青睐。生物基阻燃剂正在快速取代传统的阻燃剂,来缓解当前环境恶化及能源危机等问题。文章总结了近年来植物油、植酸、壳聚糖和木质素这4类生物基阻燃剂的应用现状,最后,对生物基阻燃剂未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

In order to improve the application range of polymer materials and solve the problem of flammability of materials,the use of flame retardants has become one of the effective methods.The traditional halogen flame retardants have shown low volume and high efficiency in the application process and have been widely recognized.However,with the deepening of research,Halogen flame retardants are gradually abandoned by human because they generate toxic substances such as hydrogen halides and dioxins at high temperatures,which will cause secondary damage to the human body.In recent years,halogen-free flame retardants have become the main direction of scientific researchers.Bio-based materials have been favored by people due to their renewable,easily degradable,and low toxicity.Bio-based flame retardants are rapidly replacing traditional flame retardants to alleviate the current environmental degradation and energy crisis.The article summarizes the application status of four types of bio-based flame retardants in recent years,including vegetable oil,phytic acid,chitosan and lignin,and finally looks forward to the future development trend of bio-based flame retardants.