静电纺丝法制备PVDF纳米纤维

Study on preparation of PVDF nanofibers by electrospinning and spinning parameters

静电纺丝法是聚合物溶液或熔体在静电作用下进行喷射拉伸而获得纳米级纤维的纺丝方法。聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)具有优异的压电性能,而通过静电纺丝技术制得的聚偏氟乙烯静电纺丝膜具有高孔隙率、轻薄柔韧、透气性好等优点从而广泛应用在传感材料、电池隔膜和生物材料等领域。为了研究最适纺丝工艺,本文通过调节不同的纺丝电压、聚合物溶液浓度以及N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和四氢呋喃(THF)的溶剂配比,利用静电纺丝的方法制备PVDF纳米纤维,并使用扫描电镜对纤维的微观形貌表征,以及乌式黏度计对纺丝液黏度进行测试。结果表明:当纺丝液浓度为10%PVDF,混合溶剂配比为DMF∶THF为60∶40,纺丝电压为15 kV时,电纺的PVDF纤维膜直径分布均匀,具有良好的微观形貌,并且孔隙率高。

Electrospinning is recognized as a new processing method to prepare nanofibers by emitting and stretching of polymer solution or melts under the electric field.Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)has excellent piezoelectric properties,and the electrospun PVDF membrane prepared by electrospinning technology has the advantages of high porosity,thin and flexible,and good air permeability,so it is widely used in sensor materials,battery separator and biomaterials.In order to study the optimal spinning process,PVDF nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning by adjusting the spinning voltage,polymer solution concentration and solvent ratio of DMF and THF.The morphology of the fibers was characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM)and the viscosity of the spinning solution was measured by a viscosimeter.The results show that when the concentration of spinning solution is 10%PVDF,the ratio of DMF-THF mixed solvent is 60∶40,and the spinning voltage is 15 kV.The diameter distribution of PVDF fiber membrane is uniform,with good micro morphology and high porosity.