中日学龄前儿童身体等情况调查对我国幼儿体育教育的启示

The enlightenment of the investigation on the physical condition of preschoolers in Chinese and Japanese capitals to the physical education of children in China

目的:3~6岁是儿童生长发育的关键期,在新时代背景下,中日两国幼儿的身体发育水平、身体素质、生活行为习惯也相较过去发生了较大的改变,研究3~6岁两国幼儿的身体情况等变化趋势对我国幼儿教育的开展有着重要意义。结果:我国幼儿在同性别的各年龄段身高均已超过日本儿童;我国儿童的身体质量情况不够理想,标准区间的儿童数量比例不及日本。体育活动方面,日本幼儿园园内活动时间保障性强、多项目开展覆盖性强,而我国园外幼儿体育运动尤其以体育培训开展为主的项目呈良好势头,两国家庭对于儿童体育行为活动的态度也在发生转变。结论:我国需要借鉴日本园内体育课程安排,继续鼓励园外社会幼儿体育培训活动,坚持引导家庭对幼儿体育活动的正确态度,建立学校、社会、家庭三位一体的幼儿体育发展制度。

Research purposes:3~6 years old children's growth and development is the critical period,under the background of new era,young children's physical development level between the two countries,physical quality and living habits are also compared with considerable changes happened in the past,the research 3-6 years old children's physical condition of the two countries,such as changing trend of preschool education in China has important significance.The results show that the height of Chinese children in all age groups of the same sex has exceeded that of Japanese children.The physical quality of children in China is less than ideal,and the proportion of children in the standard range is lower than that in Japan.In terms of sports activities,the time guarantee of activities in Japanese kindergartens is strong,and the coverage of multiple projects is strong,which is worth learning from in China.In China,sports activities for children outside kindergartens,especially sports training,and the attitude of families in both countries towards children's sports behavior activities is also changing.Conclusion:China needs to learn from the arrangement of in-park physical education curriculum in Japan,continue to encourage social sports training activities for children outside the park,persist in guiding families to have a correct attitude towards children's physical activities,and establish a three-in-one system for children's physical development in school,society and family.