属舞习俗钩沉

A Study on the Custom of Zhuwu

属舞习俗最早可追溯到先秦,其产生与舞蹈在社会各阶层中的普及及古人的宴饮风气有关。属舞分"一属一""一属多"和"迭属"三种形式,开始于酒酣之后,一般配有属酒歌,对舞蹈的种类虽无要求,但所属之舞须符合舞者的身份。"一属一"的属舞又被蒙以饮酒的规则,被属者须起舞回应(报)并符合属酒歌的节奏(转),否则会被认为是不恭。属舞时舞而不停或屡次起舞也同样被认为不合礼度。作为宴饮中的重要环节,属舞往往被用作隐晦表达目的的手段。属舞习俗盛行于汉、魏,在南北朝时已有地域上的差异,只在北朝流行,宋代以后逐渐消亡。

The custom of Zhuwu could be traced back to the pre-Qin period,whose emergence was related to the popularity of dance in all social strata and the prevalence of hosting banquets. Zhuwu could be divided into three forms: "one to one","one to others"and"one by one". The performance started after inebriation and was usually accompanied with toasting songs. Although there was no requirement for the specific dance type,the dance must conform to the identity of the dancer. The Zhuwu of"one to one"was governed by the rule of drinking. The subordinates must dance in response( respond) and conform to the rhythm( turn) of toasting songs,otherwise it would be considered disrespectful. It was also considered inappropriate to dance constantly or repeatedly. As an important part of banquets,Zhuwu was often used as a means to express obscure purposes. The custom of Zhuwu prevailed in the Han and Wei Dynasties. There were regional differences in the Southern and Northern Dynasties,and it was only popular in the Northern Dynasties. Zhuwu gradually disappeared after the Song Dynasty.