应用WHOQOL-BREF评估干旱地区农村居民生命质量

Life Quality of Rural Residents in Arid Areas of China Based on WHOQOL-BREF

目的评估我国干旱地区农村居民的生命质量现状。方法2018年6—8月,通过WHOQOLBREF(世界卫生组织生命质量测定量表简表)对甘肃、山西和山东3个省共4个县的1200户家庭进行问卷调查,以Cronbach’α反应量表信度,以结构效度评价量表效度,用方差分析法和多元线性回归法分别对生命质量得分的影响因素进行单因素分析和多因素分析。结果量表的Cronbach’α系数为0.85,KMO值为0.898,球形检验显著性概率<0.01。1200名农村居民总体生命质量得分为80.18±8.81分,四领域平均得分从高到低依次为:心理领域(14.25±1.40分)、生理领域(13.96±1.54分)、社会领域(13.34±1.56分)和环境领域(12.74±1.89分);居民的总体生命质量得分在住房、生活用水量、供水方式、污水排放、到达卫生室时间、是否有慢性病、睡眠总时间的差异有统计学意义(t为-7.58~6.32,P<0.05)。结论WHOQOL-BREF评价干旱地区农村居民生命质量是可信和可靠的,干旱地区农村居民总体生命质量较好,可以从环境领域和个人生活方式等方面进一步提高居民的生命质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life of rural residents in arid areas of China.Methods From June to August 2018,WHO Quality of Life-BREF(WHOQOL-BREF)was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 1200 households in four counties of Gansu,Shanxi,and Shandong provinces.The Cronbach’αcoefficient was calculated to reflect the reliability of the scale,and construct validity was used to evaluate the validity of the scale.Analysis of variance and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to perform univariate and multivariate analyses for the influencing factors for quality of life score.Results WHOQOL-BREF had a Cronbach’αcoefficient of 0.85,a KMO value of 0.898,and a significance probability of<0.01 based on the sphericity test.The 1200 rural residents had an overall quality of life score of 80.18±8.81,with the highest score in psychological domain(14.25±1.40),followed by physiological domain(13.96±1.54),social domain(13.34±1.56),and environmental domain(12.74±1.89).The overall quality of life score of residents varied with housing,domestic water consumption,types of water supply,sewage discharge,time to arrive at the clinic,presence or absence of chronic diseases,and total sleep time(t ranged from-7.58 to 6.32,P<0.05).Conclusion WHOQOL-BREF is credible and reliable in evaluating the quality of life of rural residents in arid areas.Rural residents in arid areas tend to have good overall quality of life,and their quality of life can be further improved from the aspects of environment and personal lifestyle.