盾构隧道内大客车人员下车试验及数值模拟研究

Experimental and numerical simulation study on getting off of passengers from bus in shield tunnel

为研究盾构隧道火灾时大客车人员构成比例及满载系数对下车时间影响,采用现场试验及Pathfinder数值模拟,分析不同人员构成比例及满载系数下大客车人员下车过程。结果表明:不考虑人员疏散反应时间情况,大客车下车时间为54~68 s,大客车平均下车时间为60.68 s,每位人员平均下车时间为1.22 s;老人下车时间最长,成年女士下车时间最短,成年男士与儿童下车时间基本相等。当老人比例在30%~80%范围变化时,下车时间随老人比例增大显著增加;成年女士比例对大客车下车时间影响较小;大客车人员下车时间与满载系数相关,随满载系数增加而增加,并趋于正比例函数关系。

In order to study the influence of personnel composition proportion and full load factor on getting off time of buses in the shield tunnel fire,the field tests and Pathfinder numerical simulation were used to analyze the process of getting off the bus with different personnel composition proportions and full load factors.The results showed that without considering the evacuation response time of personnel,the getting off time of bus in the tests was between 54 and 68 s,the average getting off time was 60.68 s,and the average getting off time of each person was 1.22 s.The getting off time of the elderly was the longest,that for adult women was the shortest,and that for adult men and children was basically the same.When the proportion of the elderly changed in the range of 30%~80%,the getting off time increased significantly with the increase of the proportion of the elderly,while the proportion of adult women had little effect on the getting off time.The getting off time of personnel from bus was related to the full load factor,which increased with the increase of the full load factor and tended to be a positive proportional function.