家户关系视角下传统农村社会治理的机理与价值

Mechanism and Value of Governance in Traditional Rural Society from the Perspective of Household Relationship

将对家户和关系的研究引入微观治理行为领域,通过构建“关系-理性-行为”的分析框架,来发掘传统农村社会治理形成的内在机理及当代价值。研究认为,家户间的关系互动形成了差异化的家户理性,利益驱动家户参与村庄治理,而家户理性影响了治理活动运行的规则,影响着治理行为,家户间关系不同,内生出的治理类型亦有差别。平等合作关系促成了平等协商型治理,依赖合作关系促成了威权主导型治理,竞争冲突关系促成了关系网络型治理。家户间关系是治理转化的基础,而权力主导公共产品分配的程度、公共产品的普惠性影响着治理类型的转化。在当下的农村社会治理中,依照农村关系变化的新走向,把握国家公共产品供应的限度,培育家户理性,发挥家户的治理主体作用,对农村社会治理的良性运转有重要的现实意义。

The continuity of rural social governance requires us explore actively the internal mechanism and value of traditional social governance.This paper introduces the research on household and relationship into the field of micro governance behavior,and explores the internal mechanism and contemporary value of traditional rural social governance by constructing a“relationship-rationality-behavior”analytical framework.The results show that different family relationships shape differentiated household rationality;Interests drive households to participate in village governance,and household rationality is an important rule for the operation of governance activities,different households'relationships facilitate the different governance.Equal cooperative relations promote the equal consultation governance,the dependence cooperative relationship promotes the authoritarian dominated governance,and the competitive conflict relationship promotes the relational network governance.Household relationship is the basis of governance transformation,while the degree of power dominated public goods distribution and the universality of public goods affect the transformation of governance types.In the current rural social governance,we should combine with the new trend of rural social relations change,while grasp the limits of the provision of national public goods,activate traditional governance elements,cultivate household rationality,and guide farmers to participate actively.