工作形塑在新入职护士双元工作压力与隐性缺勤间的中介效应

Mediating effects of job crafting on working stressor and presenteeism of new nurses

目的探讨新入职护士双元工作压力与隐性缺勤行为的关系,并分析工作形塑在两者间的中介效应。方法采用一般资料调查表、中文简化版斯坦福隐性缺勤问卷、挑战性-阻碍性压力量表、工作形塑量表对430名新入职护士进行问卷调查。结果新入职护士隐性缺勤条目均分为(2.95±0.62)分,挑战性压力条目均分为(2.59±0.74)分,阻碍性压力条目均分为(2.69±0.72)分,工作形塑条目均分为(2.85±0.50)分。挑战性压力与隐性缺勤呈负相关(r=-0.369,P<0.001),与工作形塑呈正相关(r=0.393,P<0.001)。阻碍性压力与隐性缺勤呈正相关(r=0.625,P<0.001),与工作形塑呈负相关(r=-0.102,P=0.034)。工作形塑在挑战性压力与隐性缺勤间存在部分中介效应,中介效应(-0.034)占总效应(-0.199)的17.1%。结论新入职护士存在较高水平的隐性缺勤行为,护理管理者可从帮助新入职护士正确对待压力,从有效工作形塑的角度采取针对性策略。

Objective To explore the influence of working stressor on presenteeism of new nurses,and to examine the mediating role of nurses’job crafting.Methods A total of 430 new nurses were investigated with the General Information Questionnaire,the Stanford Presenteeism Scale,Challenge-and Hindrance-related Self-reported Stress Scale,and the Job Crafting Scale.Results The average scores of presenteeism,challenge stressor,hindrance stressor and the job crafting of new nurses were as follows:(2.95±0.74),(2.59±0.62),(2.69±0.72),and(2.85±0.50).There was a negative correlation between challenge stressor and presenteeism(r=-0.369,P<0.001),and a positive correlation with job crafting(r=0.393,P<0.001).While,there was a positive correlation between hindrance stressor and presenteeism(r=0.625,P<0.001),and a negative correlation between hindrance stressor and job crafting(r=-0.102,P=0.034).There was a partial mediating effect of job crafting between challenging stressor and presenteeism,and themediating effect(-0.034)accounted for 17.1%of the total effect(-0.199).Conclusion There was a high level of presenteeism among new nurses.Nursing managers can take targeted strategies to help new nurses dealing with stressor appropriately to promote their job crafting.