“慎重初战”:中华人民共和国开国大典受阅部队之组建

“Careful Initial Battle”:Formation of the Troops to be Reviewed at the Founding Ceremony of the People's Republic of China

从1949年7月初至月底,中共中央基本完成开国大典受阅部队组建前的筹备工作。从7月底开始,受阅陆军部队的组建率先展开,主要依托华北军区第20兵团和第四野战军部分部队完成;受阅海、空军部队的组建,至8月下旬9月初才临时展开,海军部队依托安东海军学校和华东军区海军学校完成,空军部队依托华北军区航空处飞行中队完成。陆海空受阅部队的组建及其过程中官兵的心理状态,是开国大典受阅部队组建中的“明”“暗”两条线索,勾勒了开国大典受阅部队按照中共中央“慎重初战”的战略初衷完成组建的清晰轨迹。

From the beginning to the end of July 1949,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China almost completed the preparation work before the formation of the troops to be reviewed at the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China.Since the end of July,the formation of the army to be reviewed started first,which mainly relied on the completion of some troops of the 20th regiment of North China Military Region and the Fourth Field Army;and the formation of naval and air forces to be reviewed temporarily started in the last ten days of August and at the beginning of September.The naval force was completed by relying on Andong Navy School and Navy School of East China Military Region and the air force was completed by relying on Squadron of Aviation Division of the North China Military Region.The formation of the army,naval,and air forces to be reviewed and psychological states of officers and soldiers in the process were visible and invisible clues in the formation of the troops to be reviewed at the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China,which showed the clear path of the formation of the troops to be reviewed at the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China according to the strategic intention of“Careful Initial Battle”of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.