安达曼海内孤立波的潜标观测分析研究

The observation and analysis of the internal solitary waves by mooring system in the Andaman Sea

安达曼海是内孤立波生成最多的海域之一,目前对其研究大多基于卫星遥感,缺乏基于现场观测资料的相关研究。本文通过2016年至2017年布放在安达曼海中部的锚系潜标对该海域内孤立波的方向和强度进行研究,结果表明在研究区域内孤立波主要向东北方向传播,最大振幅可达100 m。应用彻体力理论预测了研究海域内孤立波波源的分布,与遥感统计结果基本一致,并且波源位置更精确,可直观地给出不同波源激发内孤立波的能力。本文分别用浅水方程、深水方程和有限深方程对安达曼海中部内孤立波相速度进行模拟,结合卫星遥感分析发现该海域内孤立波的产生符合Lee波机制,在三种方程中有限深方程的模拟效果与潜标观测最相符。

The Andaman Sea is highly valued because of its large number of internal solitary waves.Most of its research is based on remote sensing but lacks field observation.A mooring system located in the central Andaman Sea from 2016 to 2017 to investigate internal solitary waves,and the body forcing theory,as well as three internal solitary wave theories:shallow water Kortweg-de Vries(KdV),deep water and finite-depth theory have been used to explore the sources of the internal solitary waves.The result shows that the internal solitary waves in the study area mainly propagate to the northeast,and the maximum amplitude of them is above 100 m.the sources calculated by body forcing theory are consistent with the previous remote sensing results,however,it could provide a ability estimation of different sources to excite internal solitary waves.The phase velocity of internal solitary waves shows that the central Andaman Sea may have a Lee waves generation mechanism,and the finite-depth theory is proved to correspond to the observation result in the Andaman Sea.