橡胶树幼苗期室内快速鉴定抗寒性方法初探

Preliminary Study on Rapid Identification of Cold Resistance of Hevea Seedlings in Laboratory

以4个橡胶树无性系品种一年生休眠枝为材料,通过同一温度不同时长及同一时长不同温度等两种人工模拟低温胁迫处理方法,测定各品种枝条相对电导率的变化,结合Logistic方程计算出半致死时间及半致死温度来评价各品种的抗寒性,同时对室内快速鉴定抗寒性方法进行探讨。结果表明,4个品种在-2℃低温下半致死时间在10.40~19.79 h之间,在低温持续15 h时半致死温度在-1.2~-1.61℃之间,两种处理方法所测橡胶树抗寒性由强到弱排序均为云研77-4>IAN873>热垦525>GT1,与田间实际抗寒性相符。本研究结果筛选出以-2℃低温处理15 h测定枝条相对电导率的方法来快速鉴定橡胶树种质幼苗期的抗寒性。

The dormant branches of four Hevea brasiliensis clones were used as materials.The changes of the relative electrical conductivity of the branches were measured by two artificial simulated low-temperature-stress methods:different treatment duration at the same temperature and different temperature at the same duration.Combined with Logistic equation,the half lethal time and half lethal temperature were calculated to evaluate the cold resistance of each variety.At the same time,the method of rapid identification of cold resistance in laboratory was discussed.The results showed that half lethal time of the four tested clones ranged from 10.40 h to 19.79 h at-2℃,and half lethal temperature varied in-1.2℃to-T1.61℃when the low temperature lasted for 15h.The cold resistance ability of Hevea clones in two treatments from strong to weak was as follows:Yunyan 77-4>IAN873>Reken 525>GT1,which was consistent with that of in the field.In this study,a method was selected to quickly identify the cold resistance of H.brasiliensis germplasm at seedling stage by measuring the relative electrical conductivity of its branches treated at-2℃lasted for 15 h.