全国医疗机构放射诊断资源基本情况分析

Analysis of basic situation of diagnostic radiology resources of the nationawide medical institutions

目的分析全国放射诊断资源分布的基本情况,为进一步优化放射诊断资源配置,改进放射诊断放射防护薄弱点提供数据支持。方法根据2017—2019年发布的全国医用辐射防护监测方案的统一方案和调查表开展调查,调查对象包括全国所有开展放射诊断医疗机构;放射诊断调查指标包括放射诊断医疗机构分布、各类设备数量、放射工作人员的数量等信息、放射防护用品配备情况以及放射诊断频度等信息;调查方法为问卷调查,并通过全国医用辐射防护监测信息系统上报。按照组织机构代码,机构名称排除重复上报的机构。原始数据从数据库导出为Excel表格形式,进行统计分析。结果截至2019年年底,除新疆生产建设兵团及港澳台地区和军队系统外,全国共有放射诊断医疗机构68924家;放射诊断设备总数为147913台;放射诊断防护用品全国配备率为91.7%。全国共有从事放射诊断的工作人员367201人,占全部医疗机构放射工作人员406830人的76.1%。放射防护用品总体配备率较高,但一级医院的防护用品配备率在各级别医院中最低。防护用品配备按医院级别依次提高。按经济发展水平分布看,防护用品配备东部地区最高,中部和东北地区最低,两个地区基本在90%左右。结论本次3年一轮的全国放射防护监测调查基本掌握了放射诊断及其防护情况的现状,积累了大量的调查数据,为国家及各省制定相关防护政策及标准制定提供数据支持。通过调查数据统计汇总,全国仍有近千台直接荧光屏透视机在用,应建立相关政策和标准逐渐淘汰此类辐射危害严重的设备。

Objective To analyze the distribution of radiodiagnosis resources in China and provide data support for further optimizing the allocation of radiodiagnosis resources and improving the weaknesses in radiation protection.Methods The survey was carried out in accordance with the unified plan and using questionnaires of the national medical radiation protection monitoring program issued from 2017 to 2019.The survey included all medical institutions performing radiodiagnosis in China.The survey indicators included distribution of medical institutions performing radiodiagnosis,number of equipment,number of radiation workers and other information,the allocation of radiation protection equipment and the frequency of radiodiagnosis.The survey was performed using questionnaire survey and reported through the national medical radiation protection monitoring information system.In terms of the organization code,the name of the organizations excludes those repeatedly reported.The original data was exported in the form of excel table from the database for the purpose of statistical analysis.Results By the end of 2019,except Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan regions and military systems,there were 68924 diagnostic radiology medical institutions in China,147913 diagnostic radiology equipment,accounting for 91.7%of the total pieces of nationwide diagnostic radioprotective equipment.There are 367201 radiologists in China,accounting for 76.1%of 406830 radiologists in all medical institutions,with high allocation rate of radiation protection equipment.However,the allocation rate in first-class hospitals was the lowest among all levels of hospitals.The piece of protection equipment was increased with the grade of hospital.From perspective of of economic development level,the highest was found in the eastern region,with the lowest in the central and northeast region,both of which are about 90%.Conclusions The current status of radiodiagnosis and protection was ascertained basically through this three-year round of survey,with a large number of survey data accumulated.This survey provides data support for the development of relevant protection policies and standards at national and provincial levels.Survey data indicated that there are still nearly 1000 direct fluorescent screen fluoroscopy machines in use in China.Relevant policies and standards should be established to gradually phase out the equipment with serious radiation hazards.