基于小麦外引种质资源的抗旱性分子标记检测及实用性评价

Detection and Practical Evaluation of Molecular Markers Associated with Drought Resistance Based on Introduced Wheat Germplasm Resources

为了有效利用外引小麦种质资源和评价小麦抗旱性相关分子标记的有效性,以48份小麦外引种质为材料,测定干旱条件下种子的相对发芽率,并利用4个小麦抗旱性相关分子标记进行抗旱基因(1-feh-w3、Dreb-B1、NRX-B1和FerA1)的分布检测。结果表明,外引种质材料的平均相对发芽率为70.0%,变异范围为34.9%~94.5%,中等及以上抗旱性等级种质材料占85.4%。外引小麦种质中4个抗旱性相关基因存在8种单倍型,Dreb-B1、FerA1基因各自的2种单倍型间平均相对发芽率差异均达到显著水平,而1-feh-w3基因的Westonia type单倍型与Kauz type单倍型,NRX-B1基因的TaNRX-B1a单倍型与TaNRX-B1b单倍型间平均相对发芽率无显著差异;TaDreb-B1a、TaFer-A1(H)单倍型与平均相对发芽率均呈显著正相关,1-feh-w3、NRX-B1基因与平均相对发芽率相关性不显著。平均相对发芽率以单倍型组合Westonia type/TaDreb-B1a/TaFer-A1(H)/TaNRX-B1a最高,达到77.35%。验证了抗旱性基因Dreb-B1分子标记的有效性,而1-feh-w3基因2种单倍型对抗旱性选择无效。

In order to effectively utilize the introduced wheat germplasm resources and evaluate the effectiveness of molecular markers associated with wheat drought resistance,48 wheat germplasms were used to identify the relative germination rate of seeds under drought conditions,and 4 drought resistance related molecular markers were used to detect the distribution of drought resistance genes(1-feh-w3,Dreb-B1,NRX-B1 and FerA1).The results showed that the average relative germination rate of the introduced germplasms was 70.0%,the variation range was 34.9%-94.5%,and 85.4%of germplasm materials displayed moderate or above drought resistance level.There were 8 haplotypes in 4 drought resistance-related genes in the introduced wheat germplasms.The difference in the average relative germination rate between the 2 haplotypes of the Dreb-B1 gene and FerA1 gene reached significant levels,while there was no significant difference in the average relative germination rate between the Westonia type haplotype and Kauz type haplotype of the 1-feh-w3 gene,and the TaNRX-B1a haplotype and the TaNRX-B1b haplotype of the NRX-B1 gene;The haplotypes TaDreb-B1a,TaFer-A1(H)were significantly positively correlated with the average relative germination rate,while 1-feh-w3 and NRX-B1 genes were not significantly correlated with the average relative germination rate.The average relative germination rate was the highest in the haplotype combination Westonia type/TaDreb-B1a/TaFer-A1(H)/TaNRX-B1a,reaching 77.35%.The effectiveness of the molecular marker of the drought resistance gene Dreb-B1 was verified,and the two haplotypes of the 1-feh-w3 gene were invalid for drought resistance selection.