江西金尾矿资源的性质与绢云母提取研究

Properties of Gold Tailing and Sericite Separation from Gold Tailing in Jiangxi Province

黄金矿山选矿中95%以上为尾矿,实现金尾矿综合利用的前提是充分查明其性质与特征。针对江西某金尾矿,采用XRF、XRD和化学分析手段,查明了金尾矿的化学成分;利用岩矿鉴定、EMPA和EDS分析等方法,研究了该物料的资源性质与矿物学特征,着重考察了动态分级-浮选工艺流程提取绢云母的效果。结果表明:该金尾矿中含金0.495 g/t,含银1.70 g/t,且金以铁等氧化矿物中包裹金存在,占比58.18%,显微镜下未发现残余的金颗粒。金尾矿中SiO_(2)、Al_(2)O_(3)分别为62.21%和13.54%,残余的矿物主要为石英、绢云母和方解石;绢云母多为细粒级产出,片径为0.01~0.2 mm,具有较好的回收前景。该试样筛析-0.074 mm 41.58%,残余含金矿物的单体解离度不高,含金矿物多赋存在比重较高的重矿物或金属矿物中,仍有部分提金潜力。提取绢云母采用Φ75 mm、沉砂嘴内径为6 mm的动态分级效果较好,经一粗二精一扫浮选工艺可以获得产率为11.61%,Al_(2)O_(3)含量为23.91%,Al_(2)O_(3)回收率为21.19%的较好指标。

More than 95% of the products are tailings in the process of gold mine beneficiation.The prerequisite for the comprehensive utilization of gold tailings is detailedly ascer taining its properties and characteristics.Aimed at the chemical composition of the gold tailing obtained from Jiangxi province,XRD,XRF and chemical analysis methods were used in sequence.After the resource properties and mineralogical characteristics of the gold tailing were studied by mineralogical identification,EMPA and EDS analysis,the effect of the dynamic classification-flotation process on the extraction of sericite was emphatically investigated.The results showed that the gold tailing contained 0.495 g/t of gold and 1.70 g/t of silver,and 58.18% of the gold was inclusion gold together with iron and other oxide minerals.No residual gold particles were found under the microscope.The SiO_(2) and Al_(2)O_(3) in the gold tailings were 62.21% and 13.54% ,respectively.The remaining minerals are mainly quartz,sericite and calcite.Moreover,sericite is mostly produced in fine-grained grades with a flake diameter of 0.01 to 0.2 mm,which have a good prospect of recycling.As 41.58% of the sample was less than-0.074 mm in particle size,the monomer dissociation degree of the residual gold-bearing minerals was not high,which might be caused by the distribution of gold in heavy minerals or metal minerals.Therefore,owing to the dynamic classification of sericite withΦ75 mm hydroclone and the inner diameter of underflow mouth of 6 mm,a sericite product with a yield of 11.61% ,an Al_(2)O_(3) content of 23.91% and a Al_(2)O_(3) recovery of 21.19% was achieved by flotation of one roughing,two scavenging and one cleaning.