磷矿反浮选脱硅药剂的合成与应用

Synthesis and Application of Silicon Removal Reagent for Reverse Flotation of Phosphate Rock

针对现有磷矿反浮选脱硅药剂浮选指标不佳、泡沫粘稠等问题,以脂肪酰氯、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、溴乙烷为原料,合成出一种高效、适应酸性矿浆条件且对环境友好的含酯基季铵盐捕收剂X-12。结果表明:在单矿物浮选实验中,X-12捕收剂在矿浆pH=5的条件下对石英有很好的分选效果;用X-12捕收剂和抑制剂三聚磷酸钠(STTP)对原矿P_(2)O_(5)品位25.74%,MgO品位2.18%,SiO_(2)品位16.33%的高硅磷矿直接进行单一反浮选脱硅,获得了磷精矿中P_(2)O_(5)品位为30.42%、回收率82.21%、SiO_(2)品位6.59%、脱硅率69.95%的指标。通过与自合成的X-10和X-14的浮选指标对比,研究不同长度的疏水基团对浮选指标的影响,发现捕收剂X-12具有更好的浮选性能;与传统捕收剂十二胺、十四烷基三甲基溴化铵TTAB的浮选指标对比,表明在浮选药剂的疏水基团中引入酯基能改善浮选药剂的浮选泡沫性能和浮选指标。

In view of the problems of poor flotation index,sticky foam of the existing phosphate rock reverse flotation reagent for silicon removal,a fatty acyl chloride,N,N-dimethylethanolamine,and Bromoethane were used as raw materials to synthesize one efficient,suitable for acid slurry conditions and environmentally friendly ester-containing quaternary ammonium salt collector X-12.The results show that in the single mineral flotation test,X-12 collector has a good separation effect on quartz under the condition of slurry pH value as5.Using X-12 collector and inhibitor sodium tripolyphosphate(STTP),a single reverse flotation process was carried out for desilication of high silicon phosphate ore with P_(2)O_(5) grade of 25.74% ,MgO grade of 2.18% and SiO_(2) grade of 16.33% .The indexes of phosphorus concentrate with P_(2)O_(5) grade of 30.42% ,recovery of 82.21% ,SiO_(2) grade of 6.59% and desilication rate of 69.95% were obtained.Compared with the flotation indexes of self synthesized X-10 and X-14,the effect of hydrophobic groups with different lengths on flotation indexes was studied,and it was found that X-12 had better flotation performance.Compared with the traditional collectors Dodecylamine and TTAB,it shows that the introduction of ester group into the hydrophobic group of flotation reagents can improve the flotation foam performance and flotation indexes of flotation reagents.