申克式图表分析对于线性思维和声的认知作用

The Cognitive Function on the Harmony of Linear Thinking by Schenkerian Graph-Analysis

线性思维和声强调“横向”进行的逻辑思维,对线性和声的分析应建立在对位及声部连接技法的基础之上。线性思维和声可控制和声声部整体运动的方向,使声部连接中的线性进行成为音乐进行动力的源泉。尽管线性思维和声的优势在于“非功能化”和声的运用方面,但在古典、浪漫时期的音乐作品中,以功能和声为主体的多声部关系始终都伴随着线性思维的实践,真正有质量的好作品都具备“功能性与线性”的双重运用逻辑。以申克式图表的分析方法来说明线性思维和声的组织结构原理,不仅存在于传统和声以三度叠置和弦为主的组织形态中,在非三度叠置和弦中也同样可以获得富于逻辑的分析结果。以往以“碎片化”方式零星出现在各种学术刊物上的术语“线性和声”,由于缺乏必要的分析方法和诠释工具,采用纯文字的解说很难达到真正的理解目的。申克式的图表分析在这里作为主要的线性认知工具,可以起到从细节到宏观认识作品的作用,同时还可作为一种训练音乐语言结构的“透视”眼光,通过它来感受音乐作品从局部到整体迅速转换的视角,以此在主题动机、调性布局、声部线性运动、整体音乐结构等诸多方面获得透悟。

It is emphasized a logic thinking by horizontal motion and set up on the basis of contrapuntal and technique of voice-leading to the analysis of linear harmony.It should be controld the direction of the general progression of harmonic parts and thus generate the power of driving music forward.In the works of Classical and Romantic periods,the polyphonic relations that centered on functional harmony were alway accompanied with the practice of linear thinking.The real qulyfied works are both functional and linear in dual logic.Schenkerian graph-analysis is used to illustrate the structural principle of linear which are not only existed in the triad mode in traditional harmony,but also in the non-triad system.It used to be difficult to interpret the term of linear harmony that sporadically appeared in various academic journals due to the necessary method of analysis.As a significant tool of linear cognition,Schenkerian graph-analysis will help to better understand music works both in details and at a macroscopic level.It can also be traind as a perspective sight into music language structure,through which the thematic motive,tonality layout,linear progression of voice leading and the overall music structure could be fully comprehended.