重压之下的抗争:20世纪美国戏剧同性共同体建构之路

Gay Community in American Theater in the 20th Century

20世纪见证了美国同性恋群体从隐蔽到公开,从受排挤、打击到被认可、合法化的漫长历史。纵观美国戏剧史,不难发现:20世纪美国戏剧中的同性共同体构建,经历了在政治、道德等外部重压之下隐蔽的书写与表演,到冲破重围,勇敢抗争,创建众多同性小剧场和艺术团体来大胆发出同性群体的声音,再到最终同性恋剧场得到学界、社会,甚至政府承认,成为满载荣誉荣耀的共同体的艰辛之旅。美国戏剧中的同性共同体建构过程,反映了边缘群体在面对疾病、政治打压、社会排斥时所表现出来的协作精神,以及不屈不挠、勇敢抗争的坚强意志和有效策略。

The twentieth century has witnessed the long history of American gay groups growing from covert to overt,from repression to reluctant recognition and legalization.Throughout the history of American theater,it is not difficult to find that the construction of gay community in this century has undertaken an arduous journey:firstly,write and perform furtively under the heavy pressure of politics and morality;secondly,struggle to break the siege and create numerous experimental theaters and art groups to boldly speak for themselves;finally,gain recognition from academia,society and even the government as a community full of glory.This construction process reveals the cooperative spirit displayed by this marginal group,as well as its strong will and effective strategies in the face of disease,political oppression and social exclusion.