中国“核心消费”对供给有效性的机理关系决定——供给侧结构性改革的辩证唯物主义与整体主义思考

Decisive Influence of Mechanism Relations of China’s“Core Consumption”on Supply Effectiveness——Dialectical Materialism and Holistic Thinking of Supply-side Structural Reform

中国的供给侧结构性改革不仅在理论内涵上与西方供给侧经济学有本质性差异,而且所分析的宏观经济问题也迥然不同。它所强调的"供给有效性"既与供给侧自身结构合理性紧密相关,又与需求侧中的消费结构合理性有机相连。从整体主义、结构主义和辩证唯物主义方法论看,中国家庭"核心消费"的形成使供给侧中的投资结构与需求侧中的消费结构相互影响、相互作用、相互决定。其中,家庭消费类型、比例与约束关系,投资、GDP与消费需求机理关系,核心消费价格与日常、边际消费价格机理关系,核心消费与收入-支出-储蓄机理关系,分别对"供给有效性"产生决定作用。从理论上看,这四大决定及其机理关系展示了中国供给侧与需求侧、投资与消费结构之间的内在关联性和辩证性;从实践上看,这四大决定关系中的问题导致了中国供给侧与需求侧之间的结构性恶性循环,成为"供给有效性"低下的重要原因。因此,中国要提高"供给有效性",不仅要"三降一补",还须抑制上述"核心消费"的上述结构性作用。同时,对供给侧结构性改革来说,解决好核心消费问题不仅体现其"不忘初心、牢记使命"这一根本目的,而且也是当前"加快形成以国内大循环为主体"的必要条件之一。

China’s supply-side structural reform is not only fundamentally different from Western supply-side economics in theoretical connotation,but also widely differs from Western supply-side economics in macroeconomic issues analyzed.The"supply effectiveness"it emphasizes is both closely related to the rationality of the supply side’s own structureand organically connected to the rationality of the consumption structure on the demand side.From the perspectives of holism,structuralism and dialectical materialism,the formation of"core consumption"of Chinese households has led to the mutual influence,mutual interaction and mutual determination between the investment structure on the supply side and the consumption structure on the demand side.Among them,the type,ratio and constraints of household consumption,the mechanism relations between investment,GDP and consumption needs,the mechanism relations between the prices of core consumption and daily and marginal consumption prices,and the mechanism relations between core consumption and income-expenditure-savings respectively play a decisive role on the"supply effectiveness".From the perspective of theories,these four decisive and mechanism relations display the inherent correlation and dialectic nature between China’s supply side and demand side,and between investment and consumption structure.From the perspective of practice,the problems in these four decisive relations have caused the structural vicious circle between China’s supply side and demand side,and become important causes for low"supply effectiveness".Therefore,in order to improve the"supply effectiveness",China must both"perform capacity reduction,de-stocking,deleveraging and improve underdeveloped fields",and restrain the above-mentioned structural effects of the above-mentioned"core consumption".At the same time,for supply-side structural reform,solving the core consumption problem well not only reflects its fundamental purpose of"never forgetting why we started and keeping in mind the mission",but is also one of the necessary conditions for"speeding up the formation of a domestic big circle"at present.