16周高强度间歇训练对强制隔离戒毒人员身体健康的有益影响

Beneficial Effects of 16 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training on the Physical Health of Drug Addicts in Compulsory Rehabilitation

目的:阐明长期高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)对强制隔离戒毒人员身心健康影响及其作用机制。方法:选取康复期男性戒毒人员100名,分为对照组50名(C组)、运动干预组50名(E组),并选取同龄段的50名健康男性作为正常对照组(N组),对运动干预组施加为期16周的HIIT,在实验前、后(实验后对照组:C1;实验后运动干预组:E1)分别检测受试者的身体成分、尿液和血液生化指标、身体素质以及神经生物学机能的变化。结果:1)与N组相比,戒毒人员体脂肪量显著升高,蛋白含量显著降低;血液SOD活性降低,MDA含量增加;握力、纵跳和闭眼单脚站立、反应时水平下降;血液中与抑郁、焦虑相关神经递质水平显著提高。2)HIIT训练后,E1组与E组和C组相比:体质量、BMI和体脂肪量下降,骨骼肌和蛋白含量增加;尿蛋白和尿胆原阳性检出率增加;血常规指标和SOD活性显著增加、MDA水平显著降低;握力、纵跳、俯卧撑、坐位体前屈、闭眼单脚站立水平显著提高;血液中神经递质水平变化趋向正常。结论:HIIT可有效改善戒毒人员身体健康水平,提高身体素质和机能状态,增强机体抗氧化能力,促进焦虑和抑郁相关的神经递质水平的正向改变,对戒毒人员身心健康均产生了积极效应。

Objective:This study is to investigate the effect of long-term high-intensity interval training(HIIT)on the physical and mental health of drug abstainers and its mechanism.Methods:A total of 100 male drug abstainers during the rehabilitation period were selected,50 of them were in the control group(group C)and the other 50 were in exercise intervention group(group E),and 50 healthy men in the same age group were selected as the normal control group(group N).The exercise intervention group was given a 16-week HIIT.Before and after the experiment(post-experiment control group:C1;post-experiment exercise intervention group:E1),the subjects’body composition,urine and blood biochemical indicators,physical fitness and neurobiological function changes were detected respectively.Results:1)Compared with the N group,the body fat and protein content of the drug abstainers increased significantly;the blood SOD activity decreased,and the MDA content increased;the level of grip strength,vertical jump,standing on one foot with closed eyes,and reaction time decreased;the levels of blood neurotransmitters related to depression and anxiety significantly increased.2)After HIIT,the E1 group was compared with the E and C groups:body weight,BMI and body fat decreased,and skeletal muscle and protein content increased;urine protein and urobilinogen positive detection rate increased;blood routine indicators and SOD activity increased significantly,and MDA level decreased significantly;grip strength,vertical jump,push-ups,sitting forward bending,and standing on one foot with closed eyes significantly improved;the changes in blood neurotransmitter levels tended to be normal.Conclusions:Long-term HIIT can effectively improve the physical health,physical fitness and functional status of the drug abstainers,and enhance the body’s antioxidant capacity,and promote the positive changes in neurotransmitter levels related to anxiety and depression,which has a positive effect on the physical and mental health.