强磁场下液态金属微槽道流动与换热实验研究

Experimental study of flow pattern and heat transfer of liquid metal in microchannel under the magnetic field

聚变堆面向等离子体第一壁需要承受高强度的中子辐照和表面热负荷,普通材料难以满足要求,采用流动的液态金属作为面向等离子体第一壁是一种有效的解决途径。液态金属作为第一壁的关键前提是需要解决其在壁面均匀铺展的问题,以及需要研究在外加磁场条件下液态金属与壁面的换热特性,已有研究表明微槽道表面结构有助于液态金属的铺展。本文以液态金属镓铟锡合金为工质,通过实验研究在外加均匀磁场条件下,液态金属在微槽道中的流动与换热特性以及无磁场条件下液态金属在微槽道中的流动与换热特性,并对比两种不同工况下实验结果的差别,研究磁场对液态金属在微槽道中流动与换热的影响。

The first wall of facing plasma of fusion reactor needs to bear high-intensity neutron irradiation and heat load,so it is difficult for ordinary materials to meet the requirements.It is an effective way to use the liquid metal as the first wall of facing plasma.Taking liquid metal as the first wall,it is necessary to solve the problem that how to evenly spread the liquid metal on the wall and study the heat transfer characteristics between liquid metal and the wall under a perpendicular magnetic field.Previous studies have shown that the structure of microchannel surface contributes to the even spreading of liquid metal.In this paper,liquid metal alloy GaInSn works as the working fluid.The flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics of the liquid metal in microchannel plate under the condition of uniform magnetic field and no magnetic field are studied experimentally.The influence of a perpendicular magnetic field on the flow pattern and heat transfer of liquid metal in a microchannel is studied by comparing the experimental results of two different working conditions.