论刑法与著作权法的有效衔接——以两法联动修改为背景

The Effective Connection Between Criminal Law and Copyright Law——On the Background of the Joint Amendment of the Two Laws

著作权民事侵权与刑事归责之间存在规范价值的差异。刑法以秩序为本位,侵犯著作权罪的主要客体应是市场竞争秩序,而著作权法等民事法以保障私权为首要任务,刑法对著作权侵权行为的认定相对独立于著作权法并不违背法秩序统一原理。新《著作权法》生效后,侵犯著作权罪仍应采用作品类型法定模式,法律、行政法规没有明确规定的“符合作品特征的其他智力成果”不能以“兜底的兜底”纳入《刑法》第217条第(一)项规定的作品范围。为进一步加强版权保护,实现刑法领域的综合治理,应当以秩序本位的规范保护目的指导犯罪圈的适度扩张,进一步扩充侵犯著作权罪的实行行为类型,落实“同等保护”,灵活入罪标准以适应网络时代的技术变迁。

There are differences between civil infringement and criminal imputation of copyright in normative values.Criminal law is based on the order.The primary object of the copyright crime should be the market competition order.Civil laws such as copyright law take the protection of private rights as the primary task.The cognizance of copyright infringement in criminal law is relatively independent of copyright law,which does not violate the principle of unified legal order.After the new Copyright Law comes into effect,the crime of infringing copyright should still adopt the mode of legal work types.“The other intellectual achievements in line with the characteristics of the works”that are not clearly stipulated in laws and administrative regulations cannot be included in the scope of works stipulated in Item(1)of the Article 217 of the criminal law.In order to further strengthen the copyright protection and realize the comprehensive management in the field of criminal law,we should guide an appropriate expansion of the criminal circle with the purpose of order-based normative protection,further expand the types of behavior of copyright infringement crimes,implement the“equal protection”,and flexibly adopt the crime standards to adapt to the technological changes in the network era.