自贡市臭氧浓度变化特征及其与气象因素的相关性研究

Variation Characteristics of Ozone Concentration and Its Correlation with Meteorological Elements in Zigong City

根据20142018年自贡市逐日大气污染物监测数据及地面气象数据,采用统计方法,分析了自贡市臭氧变化特征及其与气象因素的关系,结果表明:2014—2018年内自贡市O_(3-8h)(1日中最大连续8 h O_(3)浓度均值)月平均浓度峰值出现在7月份,从年平均浓度变化上看,自贡市O_(3-8h)浓度每年平均增长10.6μg/m^(3)。各季节的臭氧超标率呈上升趋势,夏季O_(3-8h)超标率最高,其次为春季、秋季的,冬季O_(3-8h)超标率最低。夏季自贡市O_(3)-1h平均浓度峰值呈逐年上升趋势,在15:00达到峰值。O_(3-8h)浓度与温度呈正相关关系,温度越高,O_(3-8h)平均浓度越高,O_(3-8h)超标率越大。O_(3-8h)浓度与相对湿度呈负相关关系,当相对湿度处于50%~60%区间时,有利于臭氧形成。自贡市夏季风速最大,其次为春季、秋季的,冬季风速值最小。在风速值较大的春、夏季,温度较高,有利于O_(3)生成;在风速值较小的秋、冬季,温度降低,不利于O_(3)生成。由于自贡市的风速与季节(温度)有关,因此风速对O_(3)浓度的影响中也会有温度的影响成分。风速小于1 m/s时,O_(3-8h)平均浓度低,风速大于3 m/s时,O_(3-8h)平均浓度高。

Based on the daily air pollutant monitoring data and surface meteorological data of Zigong city,Henan province,in 2014—2018 as well as the statistical method,the characteristics of ozone variation in Zigong city and its relationship with meteorological elements are analyzed.The results show that,from 2014 to 2018,the peak monthly average concentration of O_(3-8h) in Zigong city appears in July.From the annual change of mean concentration,the concentration of O_(3-8h) in Zigong city increases by 10.6μg/m^(3) per year on average.The over-standard rate of ozone in all seasons is on the rise,of which the rate of over-standard in summer is the highest,followed by spring and autumn,and that in winter is the lowest.The average peak concentration of O_(3)-1h in Zigong city in summer increases year by year,and the peak value usually appears at 15:00.The concentration of O_(3-8h) is positively correlated with temperature.The higher the temperature,the higher the average concentration of O_(3-8h),and the higher the over-standard rate of O_(3-8h).However,the concentration of O_(3-8h) is negatively correlated with relative humidity.The relative humidity in the range of 50%60%is beneficial to the formation of ozone.As for the wind speed in Zigong city,the summer wind speed is the highest,followed by the wind in spring and autumn,and the winter wind speed is the lowest.In the spring and summer with large wind speed values,temperature is higher,which is conducive to the formation of ozone.In autumn and winter when the wind speed is low,temperature declines,not conducive to the generation of ozone.Since the wind speed of Zigong city is related to the season(temperature),the influence of wind speed on O_(3) concentration also contains the influence component of temperature When the wind speed is less than 1m/s,the average concentration of O_(3-8h) is low;when the wind speed is faster than 3 m/s,the average concentration of O_(3-8h) is high.