基于STM32单片机的微型磁悬浮装置的设计

Design of micro magnetic levitation device based on STM32

磁悬浮工艺品是一种科技感和视觉冲击相结合的艺术,具有较高的欣赏价值和教学价值。文章基于STM32单片机设计一种数字下推式微型磁悬浮装置。首先,通过单片机控制器、磁通量测量单元、电磁线圈驱动单元、电流测量单元、永磁铁、电磁线圈等完成系统的硬件结构设计;其次,使用磁通量测量单元采集磁铁浮子磁通量,使用电流测量单元得到电磁线圈的电流值,经过双闭环串级PID控制器计算并输出PWM波至驱动单元,用以改变电磁线圈的动态磁场使悬浮的浮子保持平衡;最后,使用C语言编写STM32单片机的控制程序,通过软、硬件综合调试并进行悬浮测试。测试结果表明,该数字下推式微型磁悬浮装置可以长时间稳定悬浮。

Magnetic levitation artware is a kind of art combining science and technology sense with visual impact,which has high appreciation value and teaching value.A kind of digital push-down magnetic levitation device is designed in this paper based on STM32.Firstly,the hardware structure of the system is composed of MCU controller,magnetic flux measurement unit,solenoid drive unit,current measurement unit,permanent magnet,solenoid and so on.The magnetic flux measurement unit is used to collect magnetic flux of the magnetic float.The current measurement unit is used to obtain current value of the electromagnetic coil.The double closed-loop cascade PID controllers is used to calculate PWM wave and output it to the drive unit,so as to change the dynamic magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil to make floats keep balance.The control program of STM32 is compiled with C language.The suspension test is carried out by means of the comprehensive debugging of software and hardware.The test results show that the digital push-down micro magnetic levitation device can suspend stably for a long time.