覆膜对日光温室垄嵌及沟嵌基质栽培根区温度和甜椒幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Film Mulching on Root-Zone Temperature and Growth of Sweet Pepper Seedlings in Ridge and Furrow Embedding Substrates in Solar Greenhouse

为了探究覆膜对日光温室中垄嵌与沟嵌基质栽培根区温度和甜椒幼苗生长的影响,以土垄栽培(SR)为对照,设置4个垄嵌及沟嵌基质处理进行田间试验。其中处理1为起垄内嵌基质栽培(SSC),其下底宽40 cm,高度10 cm,内嵌槽深10 cm;处理2为不覆膜起垄内嵌基质栽培(SSC-WF);处理3为内嵌槽全嵌入(10 cm)地表面的土壤沟嵌基质栽培(SE),高度为0 cm;处理4为不覆膜土壤沟嵌基质栽培(SE-WF)。结果表明:与SR相比,SSC、SE处理能够提高夜间根区温度均值0.5℃左右;不同月份的最高温与最低温差值的平均值表现结果有所不同,但以SE处理的根区稳定性较强。垄嵌与沟嵌对根区温度的影响表现为:垄嵌基质栽培抗低温能力要优于沟嵌基质栽培,但根区温度稳定性较弱;覆膜处理能够提高根区温度。SSC、SSC-WF和SE处理甜椒幼苗的株高、茎粗和SPAD值显著高于SR,且SSC处理促进幼苗生长的效果最显著;SSC和SE处理的茎粗和SPAD值有显著差异,株高无显著差异。综上所述,覆膜条件下,垄嵌与沟嵌基质栽培能够提高根区温热效应,尤以垄嵌基质栽培更优,同时更利于促进甜椒幼苗的生长。

In order to explore the influence of film mulching on root-zone temperature and sweet pepper seedling growth in ridge and furrow embedding substrate in solar greenhouse,four treatments were set with soil ridge cultivation(SR)as control.Treatment 1 was set as ridging-embedding substrate cultivation(SSC)with the bottom width of 40 cm,height of 10 cm,and embedded trough depth of 10 cm;treatment 2 was ridging-embedding substrate cultivation without film cover(SSC-WF);treatment 3 was the soil furrow embedding with full embedding in the inner trough(10 cm)on the surface of the horizon(SE),and the height was 0 cm;treatment 4 was soil furrow embedding without film cover(SE-WF).The results showed that compared with SR treatment,SSC and SE treatments could increase the nighttime root-zone temperature by about 0.5℃.The mean of difference values of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in different months were different,and the root zone treated by SE was more stable.The low temperature resistance of ridge embedding substrate cultivation was better than that of furrow embedding substrate cultivation,but the temperature stability of root zone was weaker;film muching could improve the temperature of root zone.In addition,the seedling height,stem diameter and SPAD value of sweet pepper treated by SSC,SSC-WF and SE were significantly higher than those treated by SR;SSC treatment had the most significant effect on promoting seedling growth.There were significant differences in stem diameter and SPAD value between SSC and SE treatments,but no significant difference in plant height.To sum up,under the condition of film mulching,ridge and furrow embedding substrate cultivation could improve the thermal effect of root zone,especially the ridge embedding substrate cultivation,which was more conducive to promoting the growth of sweet pepper seedlings.