农业生产数字化率测度方法及实证研究

Measurement Method and Empirical Research of Agricultural Production Digitization Rate

我国农业数字化正处于快速发展期,客观、准确、持续评判全国农业数字化发展情况尤为重要和迫切,亟待构建一个综合性的农业数字化评价指标。本研究以农业生产领域为突破口,提出了农业生产数字化率的概念,构建了农业生产数字化率的评价指标体系和测度方法。利用2019年全国农业农村信息化发展水平监测调查试点数据,进行了指标体系和方法的验证。结果表明:农业生产数字化率对我国农业生产领域的数字化发展水平具有较好的标度意义;我国农业生产数字化率较低,信息技术应用普及不足,农业生产数字化发展总体处于起步期;东中西部农业生产数字化水平差异较为显著,经济、科技发达省份的数字化水平较高;畜牧业生产数字化率明显高于种植业和渔业,种植业生产数字化率提升难度较大。

In the period of rapid development,China’s agricultural digitization needs a comprehensive agricultural digitization evaluation index to evaluate its nationwide development level objectively,accurately and continuously.In this article,taking the agricultural production as the breakthrough point,the concept of agricultural production digitization rate was put forward,and the evaluation index system and measurement method were constructed.Based on the monitoring pilot survey data of national agricultural informatization development level in 2019,the index system and method were verified.The results showed that the digitization rate had a good scale significance to the digitization development level of agricultural production in China;the digitization rate of agricultural production in China was lower,the application of information technology was insufficient,and the development of agricultural production digitization was at the initial stage.The digitalization levels were significantly different between eastern,middle and western regions,in which the digitalization level of economically and technologically advanced provinces were relatively high.The digitization rate of animal husbandry was obviously higher than that of planting industry and fishery,and it was difficult to improve the digitization rate of planting industry.