职前教师的职业认同与影响因素调查研究

A Survey of Career Identity and Influencing Factors of Pre-service Teachers

教师的职业认同程度对教师专业素养的发展有着重要的影响,从职业认识、职业意愿和职业期望三个维度编制职业认同调查量表,从家庭因素、社会因素和学校因素三个维度编制职业认同影响因素调查量表,调查表明,职前教师的职业认同总体较为积极,职业认识的程度最高,职业期望次之,职业意愿的程度最低,且三者之间均存在显著性差异。职业认同在年级和性别的比较中均不存在显著性差异,但是有教育实践经历职前教师的职业意愿显著高于没有教育实践经历的。家庭、社会和学校这三类因素都会显著影响职前教师的职业认同,其中社会因素的影响程度最大,家庭因素影响最小。为此,有必要在教育内外部通过相关机制,提高教师的社会价值和自我价值,促进职前教师职业认同的提升。

The degree of teachers’career identity has an important influence on the development of teachers’profession lit⁃eracy.The career identity survey scale of pre-service teachers is compiled from three dimensions of career awareness,career de⁃sire and career expectation,and the career identity influencing factors survey scale of pre-service teachers is compiled from three dimensions of family factors,social factors,and school factors.The survey shows that the career identity of pre-service teachers is generally more positive,with the highest degree of career awareness,followed by career expectations,and the lowest degree of professional wish,and there are significant differences among the three.There is no significant difference in teachers’career identity in the comparison of grade and gender,but the career willingness of pre-service teachers with educational practice experi⁃ence is significantly higher than that of those without educational practice experience.Family,society,and school all have a sig⁃nificant impact on the career identity of pre-service teachers,among which social factors are the most influential and family fac⁃tors are the least.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the social value and self-worth of teachers through relevant mechanisms inside and outside education,and enhance the career identity of pre-service teachers.