中青年慢性心力衰竭患者自我管理现状及其影响因素分析

Status Quo of Self-management in Young and Middle-aged Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Its Influencing Factors

目的了解中青年慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者自我管理现状,并探讨影响因素。方法便利抽样法选取2020年4-9月在河南省某两所三级甲等医院心内科治疗的中青年CHF患者278例为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、症状管理自我效能量表和心力衰竭患者自我管理量表对其进行调查。结果中青年CHF患者自我管理总分为(56.24±12.37)分,其中,药物管理(15.50±3.49)分、饮食管理(8.58±2.34)分、心理及社会适应管理(14.03±3.40)分、症状管理(18.13±5.26)分;文化程度、心功能和自我效能是其重要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论中青年CHF患者的自我管理处于中等水平,护士应根据患者具体情况进行有针对性的健康教育,以提高其自我管理水平,改善预后,降低再入院率。

Objective To understand the status quo of self-management in young and middle-aged patients with chronic heart failure(CHF),and its influencing factors.Methods From April to September 2020,a total of 278 young and middle-aged patients with CHF who were hospitalized in the cardiovascular department of 2 general tertiary hospitals in Henan Province were selected by the convenient sampling method and investigated with the general data questionnaire,self-management scale for CHF patients and self-efficacy scale for symptom management.Results The total score of self-management in the young and middle-aged CHF patients was(56.24±12.37).The scores of medication management,diet management,psychological and social adaptation management,and symptom management were(15.50±3.49),(8.58±2.34),(14.03±3.40)and(18.13±5.26)respectively.Education level,cardiac function and self-efficacy were important factors of self-management.Conclusions The self-management of young and middle-aged patients with CHF is at a medium level.Nurses should carry out targeted health education according to the specific conditions of patients,so as to improve the patients’self-management level,enhance the disease prognosis and reduce the readmission rate.