2010年与2018年护士工作场所暴力发生情况的比较研究

Comparative study of the incidence of workplace violence among nurses in 2010 and 2018

目的:调查2010年与2018年护士工作场所暴力发生现况及特征。方法:采用便利抽样法分别选取2010年与2018年综合医院护士942名、2566名,采用医院工作场所暴力调查问卷修订版进行调查。结果:与2010年相比,2018年护士工作场所暴力上升;护士对工作场所暴力认知水平逐渐提高,具体表现在“听说过工作场所暴力这个词(P<0.001)”“自己会受益于工作场所暴力培训(P=0.014)”等4个方面;医院对预防和应对工作场所暴力的力度不断增强,具体表现在“开展培训(P<0.001)”“鼓励上报(P<0.001)”等5个方面。结论:尽管护士对工作场所暴力认知水平不断提高,医院支持力度不断增强,但护士工作场所暴力不降反升,提示管理者应考虑护士的需求与工作特点,制定针对性的应对策略,从而降低护士工作场所暴力发生率。

Objective:To investigate the status quo and characteristics of nurses'workplace violence(WPV)in 2010 and 2018.Methods:Using convenience sampling method,942 nurses in 2010 and 2566 nurses in 2018 were selected from general hospitals,and the Revised Version of Hospital Workplace Violence Questionnaire was used to conduct the survey.Results:Compared with 2010,nurses'WPV increased in 2018.The cognitive level of nurses to WPV gradually improved,which was embodied in four aspects,such as"heard the word WPV(P<0.001)",they will benefit from WPV training"(P=0.014)and so on.The hospital's efforts to prevent and respond to WPV have been strengthened,which were embodied in five aspects,such as“developing training”(P<0.001),“encouraging reporting”(P<0.001)and so on.Conclusion:Despite the continuous improvement of nurses'awareness towards WPV and the strengthening support from hospitals,nurses'WPV was not decreasing but increasing.It was suggested that managers should consider the needs and working characteristics of nurses and develop targeted coping strategies to reduce the incidence of nurses'WPV.