A型地铁转向架动力学仿真及滚振试验性能研究

Dynamic Simulation and Rolling Vibration Test for the Performance of Type A Subway Bogie

针对北京地铁车辆装备有限公司和西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室设计的120 km/h A型地铁转向架,建立其动力学模型并计算了相关动力学性能指标,分析该转向架设计合理性;基于动力学仿真结果,进一步对该转向架在机车车辆整车滚动振动试验台上进行了滚振动力学试验,并给出车辆在空簧失气故障工况条件下运行时的合理建议。仿真计算与试验结果表明,该A型地铁车辆具有良好的蛇行运动稳定性,在美国V级直线线路上以40~120 km/h速度运行时的平稳性达到优级标准,其临界速度及运行平稳性均能够满足线路上最高运行速度120 km/h的要求,为该转向架上线提供了理论依据及试验参考。空簧失气后,车辆非线性临界速度大幅度降低,安全性指标(轮轴横向力、轮轨垂向力、脱轨系数、轮重减载率)有所增加,而其垂向平稳性指标较原车正常工况明显增大,并且运行速度越高差距越大,若车辆在运行过程中出现空簧失气故障现象,应立即降低车辆运行速度,为保证运行品质,建议限速80 km/h。

In this paper,a dynamic model of the 120 km/h type A metro bogie is established and relevant dynamic performance indexes are calculated.The bogie design is analyzed.Based on the dynamic simulation results,the rolling vibration test of the bogie is further carried out on the roller rig.Suggestions are given for vehicle operation under the condition of air loss fault of air spring.The simulation calculation and test results show that the type A metro has good hunting stability,and its stability reaches the premium standard when running at a speed of 40~120 km/h on the U.S.V-class straight line.Both critical speed and operation stability meets the requirements of the maximum operation speed of 120 km/h on the rail line,which provides theoretical basis and test reference for the bogie to run on the track.After the air spring loses air,the nonlinear critical speed of the vehicle is greatly reduced,the safe index(lateral force,vertical force,derailment coefficient,and rate of wheel load reduction)is increased,and the vertical stability index is obviously increased compared with the normal working condition.The higher the running speed,the bigger the difference.If air loss fault of air spring occurs in the running process,the running speed should be reduced and limited to 80 km/h in order to ensure the running quality.