工业机器人贸易网络结构及其影响机制研究

The Structural Characteristics and Influencing Mechanism of Global Industrial Robot Trade Network

本文利用1998—2017年世界工业机器人贸易数据,运用社会网络分析方法,刻画与揭示世界工业机器人贸易网络结构特征,并对网络演化的影响机制进行实证分析。结果表明:工业机器人国际贸易呈现出先期快速增长、后期平稳增长的趋势,贸易联系日趋紧密,区域内贸易的可达性和贸易效率不断提高;德国、日本始终处于世界工业机器人贸易网络的中心地位;中国、韩国及荷兰是最突出的工业机器人贸易追赶国,尤其中国逐渐成为工业机器人贸易的重要"桥梁"和"枢纽";技术距离是影响世界工业机器人贸易网络演化最主要的因素,制造业发展距离、经济距离、共同语言与文化能促进工业机器人贸易网络的发展,人口规模差异并未对工业机器人贸易产生显著影响,各因素对不同类别工业机器人贸易网络的影响存在异质性特征。

Based on global industrial robot trade data from 1998 to 2017,this paper applies the social network analysis method to reveal the network structure characteristics and influencing mechanism of industrial robot trade network.The results are as follows.The world industrial robot trade relationship shows a trend of‘rapid growth in the early stage and steady growth in the later stage’.The trade relationship is increasingly close,and the accessibility and trade efficiency of intra-regional trade are constantly improving.Germany and Japan are always at the center of the world s industrial robot trade network.China,South Korea and the Netherlands are the most prominent industrial robot trade catch-up countries;especially China has gradually become an important“bridge”and“hub”of industrial robot trade.Technological distance is the main factor affecting the evolution of industrial robot trade network.The development distance of manufacturing industry,economic distance,common language and culture can promote the development of industrial robot trade.Population size difference has no significant impact on industrial robot trade.Moreover,the influence of various factors on different types of industrial robot trade network is heterogeneous.