蚂蚁对糖及甜味剂趋性的研究

Taxis of Ants to Sugar and Sweeteners

【目的】研究蚂蚁对糖及甜味剂的趋性。【方法】在蚂蚁活动频繁的时间内,将浸透糖(或甜味剂)溶液(0.04、0.08、0.12 g/mL)的滤纸片分别放置在蚁巢洞口,观察并拍照计数3 min内经过并聚集在滤纸片周围的蚂蚁数量,作为确定蚂蚁对糖(或甜味剂)趋性高低的依据。【结果】在浓度为0.04~0.12 g/mL范围内,蚂蚁对果糖的趋性最高,对蔗糖、麦芽糖的趋性居中,对葡萄糖的趋性最低;蚂蚁对AK糖的趋性与对照组无显著差异,对纽甜和糖苷几乎无趋性,对木糖醇的趋性相对其他3种甜味剂较高。在浓度为0.04~0.12 g/mL范围内,比较蚂蚁对果糖(或葡萄糖)及四种甜味剂的趋性时,蚂蚁对甜味剂几乎无趋性。【结论】蚂蚁对4种糖的趋性高低依次为果糖>蔗糖>麦芽糖>葡萄糖;在4种甜味剂中,蚂蚁对糖苷、纽甜、AK糖的趋性很低或几乎无趋性,对木糖醇的趋性相对较高;在甜味剂与糖(葡萄糖、果糖)同时存在时,蚂蚁对甜味剂的趋性极低或无趋性,而对糖(葡萄糖、果糖)的趋性很高。

[Objective]To study the taxis of ants to sugars and sweeteners.[Method]During the time when ants are active,filter paper sheets soaked with sugar(or sweetener)solution(0.04 g/mL,0.08 g/mL,0.12 g/mL)are respectively placed at the entrance of the formicary,and the number of ants that passed by and gathered around the filter paper sheets within three minutes was observed and counted by photo taking as a basis for determining the ants'taxis to sugar(or sweetener).[Results]In the concentration range of 0.04 g/mL to 0.12 g/mL,the ants show highest taxis to fructose,middle taxis to sucrose and maltose,and lowest taxis to glucose.It is also shown that in terms of the taxis to AK sugar,there is no significant difference between ants and the control group;ants hardly show taxis to neotame and glycoside,and show higher taxis to xylitol than to the other three sweeteners.In the concentration range of 0.04 g/mL to 0.12 g/mL,when comparing the taxis of ants to fructose(or glucose)and the four sweeteners,ants show almost no taxis to sweeteners.[Conclusion]Among the four types of sugars,ants show highest taxis to fructose,higher taxis to sucrose,lower taxis to maltose and lowest taxis to glucose.Among the four sweeteners,ants show little or no taxis to glycoside,neotame and AK sugar,and relatively high taxis to xylitol.When sweeteners and sugars(glucose,fructose)exist simultaneously,ants show very low or no taxis to sweeteners,but show fairly high taxis to sugars(glucose,fructose).