不同种类基质配比对戈壁温室西葫芦幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of different kinds of substrates on the growth and physiological characteristics of squash seedlings in Gobi greenhouse

为获得戈壁温室西葫芦育苗的最适有机生态型基质,通过随机区组排列试验,研究了6种不同种类基质配比对西葫芦幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,采用处理Ⅲ(V商品基质∶V玉米秸秆∶V下脚料∶V牛粪=1∶1∶1∶0.1)基质配比,西葫芦的出苗率、茎粗、株高、叶片数、叶面积、冠根比、干鲜质量和壮苗指数等指标均最大,均高于或显著高于其他处理。同时,幼苗光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2和气孔导度数值最大,分别为6.25μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)和4.25、352、218 mmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),幼苗的根系活力、叶片SOD活性与可溶性蛋白含量最高,MDA含量最低;植株保持较强的代谢能力。以处理Ⅲ的基质配比最适合西葫芦幼苗的培育。

In order to obtain the most suitable organic eco-type substrate for zucchini breeding in Gobi greenhouse,the effects of six different kinds of substrates on the growth and physiological characteristics of zucchini seedlings were studied by random block arrangement experiments.The results showed that using treatmentⅢ(Vcommercial substrate∶Vcorn stalk∶Vscraps∶Vcow dung=1∶1∶1∶0.1),summer squash was found the largest index of emergence rate,stem thickness,plant height,number of leaves,leaf area,crown-root ratio,dry and fresh quality and strong seedling index,which were all higher or significantly higher than those of other treatments.At the same time,the seedling photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,intercellular CO2 and stomatal conductance values were the largest,which were 6.25μmol·m-2·s-1,4.25,352,218 mmol·m-2·s-1,respectively,the seedlings showed the highest root activity,SOD activity and soluble protein content in the leaves,while the lowest MDA content;the plant performed a strong metabolic capacity.The substrate ratio of treatmentⅢwas suitable for the cultivation of zucchini seedlings.