霉菌毒素对家禽的毒性效应及其防控措施

Toxic effect of mycotoxin on poultry and its control measures

在当前规模化养殖背景下,家禽饲料及其原料霉变是影响家禽养殖业发展的一大重要问题。家禽通过食源途径长时间或大剂量地摄入黄曲霉毒素、呕吐毒素及玉米赤霉烯酮等霉菌毒素后会引起机体多系统的毒性效应,如降低生产与生长性能,损伤肝肾等代谢器官,破坏机体免疫机能等。其诱发毒性作用的机制主要涉及促使氧化还原系统失衡,触发炎性反应,影响细胞死亡或自噬等。可以采取干预家禽霉菌毒素中毒诱发的损伤,抑制霉菌繁殖或产毒,合理脱毒等综合措施防控家禽霉菌毒素中毒。本文就霉菌毒素对家禽的毒性作用与机制及其防控措施等进行了概述,以期为家禽的健康养殖提供科学依据。

Under the background of current large scale breeding,the mildew in feed and feed-originated materials is a critical problem affecting the poultry breeding. Intack of mycotoxins such as aflatoxin,deoxynivalenol and zearalenone via food routes in a long-term or high dosage way can induce toxic effects of multisystem,including reducing production and growth performances,damaging metabolizing organs like livers and kidneys,disrupting immune functions,etc. The mechanisms mainly relate with the imbalance of redox systerm,triggering inflammation,as well as affecting cell death or autophagy,etc. In order to prevent and control mycotoxin poisoning in poultry,comprehensive measures should be taken,such as intervening the damage caused by mycotoxin poisoning in poultry,inhibiting the mould reproduction or production of mycotoxin,and reasonably detoxifying. In this paper,the toxic effect and mechanism of mycotoxins on poultry and its prevention and control measures were summarized,aimed to provide scientific basis for healthy breeding of poultry.