不同饲料形态对0~42日龄京红1号蛋雏鸡生长、胃肠道发育及开产阶段生产性能的影响

Effect of feed shape on the growth,gastrointestinal development and performance of Jing Brown.1

为研究不同饲料形态对京红1号蛋雏鸡生长、消化道发育及开产阶段生产性能的影响,试验选用健康、体重相近的0日龄京红1号蛋雏鸡900只,随机分成2个处理组,每组450只,每组5个重复,每个重复90只。对照组0~7日龄饲喂颗粒破碎料,8~42日龄饲喂粉料,试验组0~42日龄饲喂颗粒破碎料。35日龄时每个重复选取接近平均体重的6只鸡进行屠宰,剩余鸡只追踪开产阶段19~21周龄生产性能。结果表明:试验组14、28、42日龄蛋雏鸡体重分别比对照组提高1.90%、2.56%、3.74%,差异显著(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组35日龄鸡只十二指肠、空肠、回肠的重量分别提高13.60%、11.61%、12.38%,十二指肠、空肠、回肠的指数分别提高11.86%、10.65%、10.78%,十二指肠长度提高3.83%(P<0.05);试验组肌胃重量和指数显著低于对照组(P<0.05);不同饲料形态对35日龄雏鸡肝脏、脾脏、法氏囊的重量及指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。育雏期8~42日龄雏鸡饲喂不同形态的饲料对开产阶段生产性能有显著影响,试验组19、20、21周龄产蛋率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上,0~42日龄饲喂颗粒破碎料,能够促进蛋雏鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠的发育,利于饲料养分的消化吸收,打造良好后备鸡体况基础,从而提升开产阶段生产性能。

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of feed shape on the growth,gastrointestinal development and laying performance of early laying period.A total of 9000-day old Jing Brown.1 were randomly divided into 2 groups with 5 replicates for each group and 90 chicks per replicate.The experimental diet were fed to 42 day old,tracking the laying performance of 19~21 week old.The results showed that the body weight at the age of 14,28,42 day in experimental group were 1.90%,2.56%and 3.74%higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The duodenum weight and length,jejunum and ileum weight of experimental group were 13.60%,3.83%,11.61%,12.38%higher than the control group at 35 day old,the difference was significant(P<0.05).But the gizzard weight and index were significantly lower in experimental group at 35 day old(P<0.05).Compared with control group,there were no significant change in the contents of the weight and index of liver,spleen and bursa(P>0.05).Compared with control group,laying rate of 19,20,21 week old was significantly higher in experimental group(P<0.05).Pellets could promote the development of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of layer chickens,which was conducive to the digestion and absorption of feed,make body weight and somatotype of chickens develope well,and improve laying performance in the early period of laying.