饲粮中添加乳酸菌对鲤鱼生长性能、鱼体组成及肠道酶活性的影响

Effects of dietary Lactobacillus supplementation on growth performance,body composition and intestinal enzyme activity of common carp

为研究乳酸菌对鲤鱼生长性能、鱼体组成及肠道酶活性的影响,采用单因素设计试验,选择体质量相近的健康鲤鱼幼苗240尾,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾,1组饲喂基础饵料为空白对照组,试验2、3、4组分别在基础饵料中添加0.2%、0.4%、0.8%乳酸菌制剂,试验期为60 d。结果表明:(1)试验2、3、4组的增重率、存活率均高于1组(P>0.05),试验3、4组鲤鱼的特定生长率较1组比提高10.7%、10.0%(P<0.05),饵料系数较1组比分别降低12.2%、10.7%(P<0.05);(2)试验2、3、4组的水分含量、脂肪含量、灰分含量均高于1组(P>0.05),试验3、4组鲤鱼的蛋白质含量、能量水平较1组比分别提高34.0%、33.7%和24.0%、23.2%(P<0.05);(3)试验2、3、4组的淀粉酶活性均高于1组(P>0.05);试验3、4组的蛋白酶活性、脂肪酶活性较1组比分别提高17.9%、17.8%、21.8%、25.8%(P<0.05)。综上,乳酸菌制剂可以提高鲤鱼生长性能和肠道酶活性,改善鱼体组成,以0.4%添加较适宜。

In order to study the effects of Lactobacillus on growth performance,body composition and intestinal enzyme activity of common carp,240 healthy carp seedlings with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 20 in each replicate.Group 1 was fed with basal diet as blank control group,and groups 2,3 and 4 were fed with 0.2%,0.4%and 0.8%Lactobacillus respectively for 60 days.The results showed that:(1)The weight gain rate and survival rate of groups 2,3 and 4 were higher than those of group 1(P>0.05),the specific growth rate of group 3 and group 4 was increased by 10.7%and 10.0%(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient was decreased by 12.2%and 10.7%(P<0.05),respectively;(2)The content of water,fat and ash in groups 2,3 and 4 were higher than those in group 1(P>0.05),and the protein content and energy level of groups 3 and 4 were 34.0%,33.7%and 24.0%,23.2%higher than those of group 1;(3)The amylase activity of groups 2,3 and 4 was higher than that of group 1(P>0.05);the activity of protease and lipase in groups 3 and 4 were increased by 17.9%,17.8%,21.8%and 25.8%respectively(P<0.05).In conclusion,Lactobacillus preparation could improve the growth performance and intestinal enzyme activity of carp,and improve the composition of fish.0.4%of Lactobacillus was more suitable.