水上交通、水利堰坝与流域社会——以清代民国广西桂江流域碑刻为中心

Water Transportation,Conservancy Weirs and Basin Society——Focused on Inscriptions of Guijiang River Basin during Qing Dynasty and Republic of China

本文通过解读清代民国时期广西桂江流域现存有关水上交通与水利堰坝的碑刻资料,解析了桂江流域水上交通与商业运输等多个环节,以及桂江流域的农民、渔民、盐商、木商与行商、船户与船帮等围绕着河道、堰坝、鱼梁而产生的纠纷诉讼,一定程度上展现了清代民国时期桂江流域以河流为中心的复杂社会关系,以及立体的流域社会图景;本文研究可为广西河流与交通历史研究提供两方面的启示:1.通过解析不同人群在诉讼纠纷时所使用的话语表达,可透视出清代民国时期不同产业在政府赋税结构中的地位及其从业人员社会地位的变动。2.以河流与水上交通为切入点,须历时性地综合分析桂江流域河流环境、多元生计模式人群与社会经济之间的动态关系。

By interpreted the existing inscriptions on water transportation and conservancy weirs in the Guijiang River Basin of Guangxi during Qing Dynasty and Republic of China,this paper analyzes the various links of water&commercial transportation,and analyzes dispute litigations among farmers,fishermen,salt merchants,and farmers in the Guijiang River Basin.In certain extent,the paper demonstrated complex social relations centered on rivers in the Guijiang basin during Qing Dynasty and Republic of China period,and the stereoscopic picture of basin society.This article can provide two suggestion for Guangxi river and transportation history studies,firstly,explained the discourse expressions used by different groups of people in litigation disputes,we can examine the status of different industries in governmental tax structure during Qing Dynasty and Republic of China,and changes on the social status of employees.secondly,perspective on river and water transportation,we must diachronic comprehensive analysis of dynamic relationship among environment of Guijiang river basin,people with multiple livelihoods,and social economy.