国家考古遗址公园的公众吸引力研究

Research on the Appeal to the Public of National Archeological Parks

国家考古遗址公园的发展已然步入第十二个年头。回顾过去取得的巨大成绩,其逐步建立起了跨年代、多省份、大规模的保护体系,在很大程度上回答了国家考古遗址公园“保护什么?为谁保护?为什么保护?”等疑问。但在公共吸引力方面其仍存在着许多问题,进而造成了冷热不均的巨大客流差异。国家考古遗址公园的公众吸引力主要受主观和客观两方面因素的影响:其中客观因素很大程度上受人口基数、交通区位和区域经济水平等要素的制约;主观因素则与遗址本身对公众游览动机的激发,即遗址公园的核心遗产价值和品牌建设等要素息息相关。借助引力模型考察人口基数、交通区位和经济水平对基础公众吸引力的影响可以发现,其将36处遗址公园划分为了四挡,其中覆盖人口500万以上,交通距离50公里以下的公园拥有最为巨大的吸引力潜质。而唯有做好遗址公园自身的核心遗产价值挖掘工作,并将加强特色的品牌建设,方能提升公众来到园区的主观能动性。

The National Archeological Park has entered its eleventh year of development.In the past,great achievements have been made in its construction,and a multi-provincial and large-scale protection system has been gradually established.However,there are still many problems in its public attraction,which results in the huge passenger flow difference between heat and cold.The public attraction of ruins Park is mainly influenced by subjective and objective factors.The objective factors are restricted by population base,traffic location and regional economic level to a large extent.The subjective factor lies in the motivation of the site itself to public visit,which is closely related to the core heritage value and brand building of the site park.The intervention of gravity model to investigate the influence of objective public attraction can be found that 36 site parks are divided into four blocks,among which the parks covering more than 5 million people and with a traffic distance of less than 50 kilometers have the greatest potential.Only by excavating the core heritage value of the site park itself and integrating it into the characteristic brand construction,can the subjective momentum of the public coming to the park be enhanced.