孤独症儿童生存质量、睡眠质量现状调查及睡眠障碍的影响因素分析

Status Investigation on Quality of Life,Sleep Quality and Influencing Factors of Sleep Disorders in Autistic Children

目的:分析孤独症儿童生存质量、睡眠质量现状,探讨其睡眠障碍的影响因素。方法:选择2017年1月至2019年12月期间我院收治的孤独症儿童100例作为研究组,另选同期于我院进行体检的健康儿童100例作为对照组,分别应用生存质量简易量表、社会支持评定量表、儿童睡眠质量调查问卷调查两组生存质量、社会支持情况、睡眠质量。应用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析孤独症儿童睡眠障碍的影响因素。结果:研究组儿童生存质量简易量表的主观标准评分、客观标准评分及社会支持评定量表的主观支持评分、客观支持评分、对社会支持的利用度评分、总分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组入睡困难、睡眠不安、间断睡眠、夜惊、夜间尿床、打鼾、梦呓、梦游、张口呼吸、夜间磨牙、睡眠出汗发生率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组梦魇发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。研究组患儿中存在睡眠障碍的46例,无睡眠障碍的54例。单因素分析显示,睡眠障碍组父母关系差、家族精神病史、新生儿窒息史、出生体重<2500 g比例显著高于无睡眠障碍组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,父母关系差、有家族精神疾病史、有新生儿期窒息史、出生体重<2500 g是孤独症儿童睡眠障碍的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:与健康儿童相比,孤独症儿童生存质量、社会支持情况较差,睡眠障碍发生率也较高,父母关系差、有家族精神疾病史、有新生儿期窒息史、出生体重<2500 g是孤独症儿童睡眠障碍的危险因素。

Objective:To analyze the quality of life and sleep quality of autistic children,and to explore the influencing factors of sleep disorder and incidence.Methods:100 cases of autistic children in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the study group,and another 100 healthy children in the same period were selected as the control group.The quality of life,social support and the quality of sleep were investigated by the simple Scale of quality of life,Social Support Rating Scale and children's Sleep Quality questionnaire.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of sleep disorders in autistic children.Results:The subjective standard score,objective standard score of the World Health Organization child Quality of Life summary scale and social support rating scale subjective support,objective support,utilization of social support and total score of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The incidence rate of trouble falling asleep,sleep uneasy,intermittent sleep,night terrors,bed wetting at night,snoring,somniloquy,sleepwalking,mouth opening breathing,tooth grinding at night and sleep sweating of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of nightmares between the two groups(P>0.05).There were 46 cases of sleep disorders,and 54 cases of no sleep disorders in the study group.Univariate analysis showed that the proportion of parents with poor relationship,family psychiatric history,neonatal asphyxia history and birth weight<2500 g of sleep disorder group were significantly higher than those in non sleep disorder group(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parents with poor relationship,with family psychiatric history,with neonatal asphyxia history and birth weight<2500 g were risk factors for sleep disorders in autistic children(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with healthy children,the quality of life and social support of autistic children are worse,and the incidence rate of sleep disorders is also high.Parents with poor relationship,with family psychiatric history,with neonatal asphyxia history and birth weight<2500g are risk factors of sleep disorder in autistic children.