柔性生产视阈下服务业价值链嵌入、技能异质性与性别工资差距

Value Chain Embeddedness,Skill Heterogeneity and Gender Wage Gap in Service Industry from the Perspective of Flexible Production

基于性别技能束和柔性生产的视角,探讨服务业价值链嵌入影响性别工资差距的内在机理,并运用跨国数据实证考察服务业价值链嵌入对性别工资差距的影响及其来源。研究结果显示:第一,深化服务业价值链嵌入有利于显著促进女性相对工资增长,进而缩小性别工资差距;第二,服务业价值链嵌入对不同技能层次劳动者的影响存在异质性,相比中低技能劳动者,深化服务业价值链嵌入对缩小高技能劳动者性别工资差距的作用更为突出;第三,服务业价值链嵌入对性别工资差距的影响程度因经济体的制度环境而异,其作用在贸易开放度较高和政局较稳定的经济体中更为明显;第四,相比于对特征禀赋差异的改变,服务业价值链嵌入通过减少或消除制度性的隐形歧视因素来缩小性别工资差距的作用更为明显。

Based on the perspective of gender skill bundle and flexible production,this paper constructs a theoretical framework to analyze the effect of service embedding in the global value chains(GVCs)on the gender wage gap,and empirically tests it by using the cross-border panel data.The results are as follows:Firstly,service embedding in GVCs helps to promote the growth of women s wages,thereby narrowing the gender wage gap.Secondly,for workers of different skill levels,the gender wage gap of high-skilled workers can be narrowed from the service embedding in GVCs,while the gender wage gap of low-skilled workers can t be narrowed from it.Thirdly,the impact of service embedding in GVCs on gender wage gap is also affected by the institutional environment,which is more obvious in the economies with higher degree of trade openness and political stability.Fourthly,service embedding in GVCs mainly plays a role by reduicng or eliminating the hidden discrimination factors of the institution rather than the differences of characteristic endowment.