不同肥料配比对新乡市沿黄地区花生增产效应

Effect of Different Fertilizer Ratios on Peanut Yield in the Area along the Yellow River in Xinxiang City

花生对肥料养分的依存度较高,合理施肥是保持高产高效的重要前提。研究配方施肥对新乡市沿黄地区花生农艺性状和产量的影响,探求施用氮磷钾肥的效应,为该生态区花生生产施肥管理提供科学依据。采用“3414”设计方案和回归分析与模拟方法对试验结果进行分析。结果表明,各配方施肥处理均比对照(无肥处理)的主要农艺性状有所提高,增产显著。各处理以N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)(N 135 g/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)105 kg/h m^(2)、K_(2)O 120 kg/h m^(2))的产量最高,达6230.50kg/hm^(2)。肥料三要素对花生的增产效应依次为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥。通过对各模型提供的施肥决策、期望产量和经济效益分析比较,选择出NP二元回归模型提供的施肥方案:在施K_(2)O 120.00 kg/hm^(2)下施纯N 129.84 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)94.41 kg/hm^(2),此为新乡市沿黄地区花生种植的推荐施肥决策。

Peanut is highly dependent on fertilizer nutrients,and reasonable fertilization is an important prerequisite to maintain high yield and efficiency.The effects of formula fertilization on the agronomic characters and yield of peanut in the Yellow River area of Xinxiang City were studied,and the effects of N,P,K application were explored to provide scientific basis for the management of peanut production and fertilization in the ecological area.The“3414”design scheme and regression analysis and simulation method were used to analyze the test results.The results showed that,compared with the control(no fertilizer treatment),the main agronomic characters of each formula fertilization treatment were improved,and the yield increased significantly.The yield of the treatment N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)(N 135 kg/ha,P_(2)O_(5)105 kg/ha,K_(2)O 120 kg/ha)was the highest,reaching 6230.50 kg/ha.The effect of the three elements of fertilizer on peanut yield was nitrogen>phosphorus>potassium.Based on the analysis of fertilization decision,expected yield and economic benefit provided by each model,the fertilization decision provided by NP binary regression model was selected,that is,under the application of K_(2)O 120 kg/ha,129.84 kg/ha and P_(2)O_(5)94.41 kg/ha,it is suitable for the recommended fertilization decision of peanut planting along the Yellow River in Xinxiang City.