中国共产党百年乡村治理:“乡土中国”到“城乡中国”——基于城乡关系的视角

Centennial Rural Governance by the Communist Party of China:From Native Rural China to Urban-rural China——Based on the perspective of urban-rural relationship

中国共产党建党以来,对乡村治理的探索已走过近百年历程。在新民主主义革命、社会主义革命和中国特色社会主义建设过程中,党的乡村治理政策方针始终与城乡关系之境况或政策紧密相连。新民主主义革命时期,农村包围城市;在社会主义革命和建设过程中,根据各阶段经济发展的重点,先后经历了城乡二元、城乡失衡、城乡统筹、城乡融合四个时期。各个时期党在乡村治理目标、治理主体、治理方式上都进行了有效的探索和创新。通过对中国共产党的乡村治理思想和实践进行系统梳理,从城乡关系的角度串联乡村治理的变革,以更好地理解百年乡村治理的演变逻辑。

Since the founding of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the exploration of rural governance has gone through nearly a hundred years.In the process of the New Democratic Revolution,Socialist Revolution,and the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics,CPC’s rural governance policies have always been closely related to the situation or policies of urban-rural relations.During the New Democratic Revolution,the party used rural areas to encircle the cities;and in the process of socialist revolution and construction,according to the focus of economic development at each stage,there has experienced four periods:urban-rural dual,urban-rural imbalance,urban-rural coordination,and urban-rural integration.The party has made effective explorations and innovations in the objectives,subjects and methods of rural governance.By systematically combing the thoughts and practices of rural governance of the CPC,the transformation of rural governance was linked from the perspective of urban-rural relations,so as to better understand the evolution logic of rural governance over the past century.