高血压患者发生脑卒中的危险因素分析

The analysis of stroke risk factors in patients with hypertension

【目的】通过庞大的高血压人群,寻找并识别发生脑卒中的危险因素。【方法】采用多重抽样的方法,在天津市范围内整群抽中河东区,进而在河东区范围内随机抽取4个社区共计4093名高血压患者,填写统一的调查问卷,问卷内容包括:人口学基本特征、行为习惯、既往疾病史、家族史、高血压知信行测试得分等。根据问卷调查结果是否合并脑卒中分为脑卒中组和非脑卒中组,对组间比较出有差异的变量,进行Logistic回归分析。【结果】脑卒中组男性、年龄≥60岁、空巢状态、未接受高等教育的比例较高,脑卒中组合并冠心病、心力衰竭、心房颤动、糖尿病、高脂血症、高尿酸血症、肺源性心脏病的患者比例较高,脑卒中组中高血压、冠心病及脑卒中家族史的比例较高,与非脑卒中组相比,存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:男性、年龄≥60岁、吸烟、存在高血压或脑卒中家族史的OR>1,且P<0.05。【结论】男性、年龄≥60岁、吸烟、存在高血压或脑卒中家族史是高血压患者发生脑卒中的危险因素。

【Objective】The aim of this survey was to find and identify the risk factors of stroke through the large population of hypertension.【Methods】A total of 4093 hypertension patients were randomly selected from 4 communities in Hedong District by multiple sampling method. Everyone filled a unified questionnaire, which included basic demographic characteristics, behavior habits,past disease history, family history, hypertension KABP score, etc. The patients were divided into stroke group and non-stroke group according to whether they were complicated with stroke or not. The variables with differences between the two groups were analyzed by Logistic regression.【Results】The proportion of male, age≥60 years, living alone status and no higher education in stroke group was higher(P<0.05). The proportion of patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia and pulmonary heart disease in stroke group was higher(P<0.05). The proportion of hypertension, coronary heart disease and family history of stroke in stroke group was higher than that in non-stroke group with statistical difference(P<0.05). The analysis of Logistic regression showed that the OR value of male, age≥60 years, smoking, family history of hypertension or stroke was over 1, and P<0.05.【Conclusion】Male, age≥60 years, smoking, family history of hypertension or stroke are the risk factors of stroke in patients withhypertension.