长江经济带农村居民点时空格局演变特征

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Rural Residential Areas in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

伴随农村转型重构,农村居民点形态及分布格局发生了显著变化,亟需充分了解其时空动态。选取长江经济带11个省份为研究对象,以农村居民点矢量数据为基础,分别采用标准差椭圆、核密度估计、最近邻指数、景观格局指数等方法,分析农村居民点形态结构、集聚程度、分布方向等,并对农村居民点空间分布的驱动因素进行探讨,结论如下:长江经济带农村居民点主要沿西南-东北方向布局,集中分布在湖北中部、安徽及江苏北部;长江经济带农村居民点表现为多核空间分布模式,集聚性呈现加强的趋势;农村居民点用地斑块空间结构离散化程度降低、趋于紧密,该斑块呈大型化的趋势;河流、地形地貌、行政驻地、政策等因素对农村居民点布局产生一定程度的影响。

With the reconstruction of rural areas,the shape and distribution pattern of rural residential areas have undergone sig⁃nificant changes,and it is urgent to fully understand their temporal and spatial dynamics.The 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt were selected as the research objects.Based on the vector data of rural settlements,the standard deviation ellipse,nuclear density analysis,nearest neighbor index and landscape pattern index were used to analyze the morphological structure and con⁃centration of rural settlements.The distribution direction,etc.,and the driving factors of the spatial distribution of rural residential ar⁃eas are discussed.The conclusions are as follows:The rural residential areas in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are mainly distribut⁃ed along the southwest-northeast direction,concentrated in central Hubei,Anhui and northern Jiangsu;Yangtze River Economy The ru⁃ral residential area is characterized by a multi-nuclear spatial distribution pattern,and the agglomeration is strengthened;The spatial structure of the rural residential land plaque is reduced and tends to be tight,and the plaque is large-scale;Rivers and topography fac⁃tors such as administrative residence and policies have a certain degree of impact on the layout of rural residential areas.